What Is the Difference Between Work and Fun Essay

What is the difference between work and fun? In the world we live in today, gambling is a professional career to some, whilst others gamble for leisure, a combination of necessity and pure enjoyment. However there is hardly any single moment where a person just fell into being a professional gambler, but there will be some people who realized that they didn’t have any other source of income. The truth is that there are many thousands of people around the country who make a good living exclusively from gambling. It is not easy, but it can be done. In order to become a professional gambler, he/she needs to practice, practice and practice some more. He/she needs to have the rules of whatever game you are planning on†¦show more content†¦Therefore, it also should be considered as work since research is also an obligatory thing to do. The thrill of risking money as well as the intermittent rewards can hijack the brains normal reward systems. Playing poker or visiting a cas ino to gamble could actually change the way that the brain works, the new research has shown. The reward systems in human brains are designed to help us learn to get access to essential rewards, such as food and shelter. When a person is playing poker or risking money at a casino, a chemical called dopamine is released in the brain, which gives the feeling of a high. Researchers point out that even when we are not winning, the rush provided by taking a risk also seems to be part of the reward. Therefore if a person gambles occasionally with a strict limit, playing with only what he/she can afford to lose, then it is considered as fun. In conclusion, it all boils down to the ultimate goal of the gambler. If his mission is to make a living and beyond with gambling, then it is considered work since the gambler will have to put in his time to fulfil certain requirements such as discipline, practice and research in order to have a good success rate. However, if the gambler is going to a casino with his friends as a means of social purposes and recreation including not doing any preparation, then it is considered as a fun activity toShow MoreRelatedThe Influences of Fun and Humour in The Workplace Essay1387 Words   |  6 PagesThe dynamics of fun and humour bring stakeholders together to promote a welcoming environment. Fun and humour creates an open culture and provides a perspective for employees. With the right balance of these elements, stakeholders are productive, content and are much more open to creativity. Similarly, employers that give acknowledgement to employees make better decisions at work. Nonetheless the consequences of fun and humour have serious detriments to the extent of how much fun and humour can beRead MoreDifferent Approaches For Preparing Children1513 Words   |  7 PagesDifferent Approaches for Preparing Children As far as time goes back, there has always been differences within cultures. 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Is Abstinence Only Education For Adolescents Of Various...

Not only does abstinence only education exclude adolescents of various sexualities, but it fails to regard the health of teenaged girls as well. The repression of female representation in health courses has contributed to the magnification of the gender stereotypes, where women are ideally portrayed as pure vessels if they remain virgins until marriage. Therefore, young girls should remain chaste and pubescent boys naturally have a rampant sexuality due to their uncontrollable hormones. Traditional gender roles are then reinforced, disregarding female sexuality thus alienating them within their health courses since they are not educationally included. This form of instruction censors out necessary sexual guidance concerning their respective reproductive health. For example, details about contraception, abortion, human sexuality, and sexual assault specifically concerning females are neglected within the classroom. Health courses have long-established condoms as the popularized and pr imary way of having protective sex. But what school boards don’t incorporate in their curricula is that there are various methods of contraception, precisely for women. For example, there are birth control pills, hormone implants, cervical caps, and vaginal rings. Although these preventative measures do not safeguard for STI and HIV contraction, they can decrease the likelihood of having an unintended pregnancy by ceasing ovulation or preventing sperm flow in the vagina by increasing the hormonesShow MoreRelatedAbstinence Only Education Is The Most Prevalent Form Of Instruction889 Words   |  4 PagesAbstinence only education has been the most prevalent form of instruction in middle and high school courses for years in the United States. 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Organisational Goals and Motivation of Middle Level

Question: Discuss about the Organisational Goals and Motivation of Middle Level. Answer: Introduction: Human resource development is the framework that helps employees develops their organizational skills, abilities and knowledge. According to Budhwar and Debrah (2013), human resource development is a series of organized activities leading to behavioural changes. The aim of this paper is to analyse Zara, a fashion retailer for clothing and accessories based in Galicia. According to Butler (2015), a lot of HR issues are faced by retailer across the globe. As the fashion retailer is very successful, one would wish to work for it (Jansen and Samuel 2014). There are opportunities in the organization to improve the human resources and make a difference. This paper analyses the key challenges faced by the human resources in the organization. The aspects that are well followed in the organization are presented. Based on the weaknesses faced by Zara, recommendations are provided to improve the human resource department that impacts both individual and organizational performance. Zara is a Spanish clothing industry under the Inditex group. They are the largest apparel retailer serving the products and services worldwide. The products sold at Zara clothing and accessories for men, women and children. The retailer has over 2,100 stores across the globe (Inditex.com 2017). Moreover, 77 stores were added in 2015 in several cities like New York, Las Vegas, Los Angeles and others (Inditex.com 2017). It was founded in 1974 with a mission to satisfy its customers (Inditex.com 2017). They continually improve the experience of its customers by making new and affordable designs (Forbes.com 2016). Zara claims itself to be the largest fashion companies but with the research being done within the area of human resource practices, several issues have been raised. Any hostile or inappropriate work environment in the organization is meant to be dealt by the human resources department at Zara. This paper aims to analyse the human resource factors that need improvement. The human resources department is responsible to provide a positive work environment to its employees. The employees expect to have consistent communication with each other and the employees as it helps in building morale and trust. Further, the employees must receive proper light, space, ventilation, sanitation, adequate toilet and temperature at work. Workplace dangers are not always obvious but paying attention to these issues and those related to areas such as emergency lighting, suitable floors, safe traffic routes, windows and doors will help to achieve this (Alfes et al. 2013). According to Butler (2015), cases of excessive work were reported in the Brazil workplace. Illnesses and accidents were reported in the Brazilian labour ministry in 2011 (Butler 2015). It was reported that 67 Zara factories had issues causing 22 cases of excessive work and 84 accidents or cases of illness at work (Butler 2015). An investigation was conducted by the Brazilian Government in which sweatsho p practices were identified. Inditex promised that it would check on the working conditions to help improve the matters. However, it was reported that Zara had seating issues and other minor infringements (Butler 2015). According to Cascio (2014), every employee in the organization works for good compensation, benefits and rewards. The benefits and compensation process provides the managers to build a difference among employees as the high performance corporate culture can be built in the organization. Organizations must keep compensations and reward program to remain competitive in the labour market and ensure sustainability. According to Martinez (2016), 121 colleagues were fired from Zara, GAM and HM as they were protesting to demand a living wage. The Bangladeshi garment workers are one of the lowest paid workers in the world (Gulf-times.com 2016). The human resources is responsible to create a discrimination and harassment free environment. The human resources set out a harassment free and respectful environment. Any improper conduct, comment or humiliation is unwelcomed in the organization. Any hostile work environment in the organization is meant to be dealt by the human resources department. Zara is accused of discriminating among its employees. The employees of colour agreed that the managers show favouritism. Also, the customers are treated with bias as their packages are mentioned as special orders for suspected shoplifters (Wiener-Bronner 2015). Also, the ex-general counsel Ian jack Miller reported that he faced discrimination due to his ethnicity and sexual orientation (Espinoza 2015). Another incident was reported where a woman working for Zara was discriminated because of her braid hairstyle. The employee claimed that she was left humiliated as she was discriminated in front of other employees in a busy mall. The emp loyee claims that her hair type is directly linked to her ethnicity. As there are no formal polices regarding an employees hairstyle, the employee claimed that this was a move against ethnicity and race. Later, a discrimination complaint was logged with the human resource department at Zara (Morley 2016). Therefore, Zara faces several issues regarding HR. The human resources department is supposed to provide an environment that is safe and healthy for the workers. The working conditions of the employees such as limited seating and making them work excessively is de-motivating. The employees will not perform efficiently if they do not get the proper motivation and working condition (Jansen and Samuel 2014). Further, Zara faces issues relating to compensation and rewards. As analysed, the company does not pay minimum wage in several garment factories in Bangladesh. Zara was also found discriminating among its employees making the human resource development questionable (Sung and Choi 2014). However, there are certain aspects that are followed by the organization. Not every aspect of Zara in the human resource development is poor or requires improvement. There are several aspects in the human resource development that can be learnt as lessons by the other organizations. The human resource department strives to be super efficient by organizing new hires. By implementing the right philosophies, work environments can be creates so that the employees succeed both as individuals and contributors. The human resources is responsible for screening the employees to recruit in the organization (Jansen and Samuel 2014). The human resources department must know to motivate the employees. Financial rewards and money may not always be necessary to motivate the employees. Therefore, the HR department must provide non-financial rewards such as promotion, better working conditions, improved facilities and others to motivate the employees (Schuler and Jackson 2014). According to Dugan, Rimella and Simpson (2014), Debenhams, Matalan and The North Face are a few high-street clothing shops who do not pay fair wage to its employees. Zara is striving to improve the working conditions of people in Bangladesh after the Rana Plaza incident. Zara has agreed to pay the living wages to the people after discussing rates with the local trade unions. Also, Zara has agreed to raise the wage of the employees in New York after they raised a campaign (Covert 2015). The employees launched a Change Zara campaign for better scheduling at US stores and higher pay. Therefore, the human resource department said that it shall increase the number of full-time positions (Covert 2015). The human resources department also stated that the employees who have been working for less than a year shall receive at least $12 an hour (Covert 2015). Moreover, the employees working in the organization for one to three years shall receive $13 and $14 per hour (Covert 2015). Previously, Zara had on-call shifts in which the employers put employees down as a shift. But, the employers may call the employees in an hour or two before work. Zara eliminated this policy that makes the human resource development towards the satisfaction of employees (Covert 2015). The human resource department must improve technology and accessibility. The culture and benefits must be emphasized in a manner that values the employees. Setting up standardized procedures and policies, employers must be personally involved as employees are the lifeblood of the company. The human resources play a critical role in training and developing their employees. The training and development practices enhance the employee skills and abilities. The Inditex Group has over 162,450 professionals of 90 different nationalities (Inditex.com 2017). The human resource department is responsible for hiring the workers. The human resource department hires people based on talent and does not discriminate based on gender, nationality, religion and others. Over 200 job positions are available everyday as there are multiple opportunities (Inditex.com 2017). The people working at Zara believe in power. The organization believes that growth starts with the development and employee working for it. The employers provide flexible working environment to the employees. The human resource department provides training to the employees as it is crucial for continual teamwork and innovation. The training programs tailors to the needs of the employees regardless of the position they hold in the organization (Inditex.com 2017). Zara needs to improve HRD and its impact on both individual and organisational performance. The human resource department provides administrative and strategic services. The role of human resource is complex as the employees needs and rights must be met. The responsibility of human resource department varies from benefits and compensation to training and organizational effectiveness. It is challenging for the human resource managers to make the right investment in learning and development programs. A few learning and development shall help employees motivate (Jansen and Samuel 2014). The managers passion need to be ignited to coach their employees. As the managers pass their knowledge and skills to the employees, managers are now overburdened with responsibilities. It is further recommended that Zara must self-direct and customize the programs as one size does not fit all doesnt work anymore. The employees must engage in learning and development activities to make opportunities acces sible for people. The employees in the organization crave for transparency, openness and honesty. Therefore, the employers must be honest with them to actively pursue their own careers (Ferrazzi 2015). The managers have a responsibility to show that this is not right, by rewarding employees who maintain good work-life balance habits (e.g. leave work on time) and can still perform well. Zara must motivate its employees to maintain work-life balance. The employees must not be asked to work excessively that is usually the case in the organization. Every employee expects certain rewards in the organization. Rewards are necessary to encourage certain behaviours among employees. It is known as positive reinforcement (Tyson 2016). According to Maslows Hierarchy of Needs, Zara must fulfil the five level of needs. According to Maslow, certain needs must be achieved for motivating the employees. The most basic need is physical survival. Physical survival involves food, warmth, air, and others. Zara must provide sufficient seating space, electricity, lighting and optimum temperature that is necessary for survival in the organization. Secondly, the safety needs involve protection, security, stability and others (Jansen and Samuel 2014). Zara may motivate its employees by offering job security. If the employees have fear of being fired except in case of low productivity, they may choose to leave the organization (Karnatovskaia et al. 2015). Also, their motivation shall be low and might not perform efficiently. Thirdly, love and belongingness involves friendship, intimacy, trust and acceptance. Zara must show their faith and trust among employees. They must be entrusted with responsibilities. The employees must be ac cepted in the organization for whoever they are. Fourthly, esteem needs involve independence, status, dominance, self-respect and prestige. As Zara has been know for discriminating among employees, they must make sure that the employees are not humiliated. Their esteem needs may be met by giving them renowned status in the organization to keep the motivational level high. Further, the self-actualization needs must be fulfilled. The employees at Zara may be self-fulfilled, seek personal growth and peak experiences. The learning and training opportunities must be designed at Zara in a manner that the employees seek to enhance themselves. Further, Zara may apply Herzbergs Two Factor theory. Herzberg propounded two-factor theory or the motivator-hygiene theory. The hygiene factors are described as the dissatisfiers or maintenance factors that are required in the organization to avoid dissatisfaction among employees. Zara must ensure that minimum wage is provided to all the employees. It must be competitive to the other companies such as HM and other organizations that belong to the retail clothing industry. The company policies of Zara must be fair and clear (Jansen and Samuel 2014). They must provide flexible working hours, dress codes and vacations so that the employees stay motivated at work. Further, they must be provided with fringe benefits such as health care plans, employee help programmes and benefits for the family members. The working conditions at Zara are claimed as poor. So, they must ensure that the working conditions such as heating, lighting and physical space are adequate. The employees working at Zar a must have a retained status. The employees must be provided with job security (Yusoff, Kian and Idris 2013). Further, the motivational factors yield positive satisfaction. The factors or satisfiers are rewarding intrinsically. These satisfiers act as the additional benefits. Zara must provide motivational factors to its employees. The employees must be praised and recognized so that they are motivated to provide high quality work. The employees at Zara must feel that they have achieved. The employees must have adequate growth and development opportunities for high level of motivation. The employees must have responsibility and ownership to manage work. A high level of accountability shall make it challenging, interesting and meaningful for the organization (Jansen and Samuel 2014). Conclusively, Zara claims itself to be the largest fashion companies but with the research being done within the area of human resource practices, several issues have been raised. An investigation was conducted by the Brazilian Government in which sweatshop practices were identified. The human resources set out a harassment free and respectful environment. Any improper conduct, comment or humiliation is unwelcomed in the organization. Any hostile work environment in the organization is meant to be dealt by the human resources department. The employee claimed that she was left humiliated as she was discriminated in front of other employees in a busy mall because of her braid hairstyle. The human resources department is supposed to provide an environment that is safe and healthy for the workers. Further, Zara faces issues relating to compensation and rewards. The human resources is responsible for screening the employees to recruit in the organization. Zara is striving to improve the w orking conditions of people in Bangladesh after the Rana Plaza incident. The human resources play a critical role in training and developing their employees. The training and development practices enhance the employee skills and abilities. As Zara has been know for discriminating among employees, they must make sure that the employees are not humiliated. The employers provide flexible working environment to the employees. Organizations must keep compensations and reward program to remain competitive in the labour market and ensure sustainability. The human resource department provides training to the employees as it is crucial for continual teamwork and innovation. Zara must show their faith and trust among employees. They must be entrusted with responsibilities. References Alfes, K., Shantz, A., Truss, C. and Soane, E., 2013. The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model.The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(2), pp.330-351. Budhwar, P. and Debrah, Y., 2013.Human Resource Management in Developing Countries. 1st ed. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Butler, S., 2015.Zara owner Inditex faces fines in Brazil over poor working conditions claim. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2015/may/12/zara-owner-inditex-fines-brazil-working-conditions-claim [Accessed 22 Apr. 2017]. Cascio, W., 2014. Leveraging employer branding, performance management and human resource development to enhance employee retention.Human Resource Development International, 17(2), pp.121-128. Covert, B., 2015.Zara Workers Win Wage Increases In New York City ThinkProgress. [online] ThinkProgress. Available at: https://thinkprogress.org/zara-workers-win-wage-increases-in-new-york-city-21ac2d5efa39 [Accessed 23 Apr. 2017]. Dugan, E., Rimella, C. and Simpson, J., 2014.Revealed: The high-street shops that do not pay their garment workers a living wage. [online] Independent.co.uk. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/which-british-high-street-shops-do-not-pay-their-garment-workers-a-living-wage-9223733.html [Accessed 23 Apr. 2017]. Espinoza, J., 2015.A Former Zara Employee Is Suing the Brand for Discrimination. [online] Complex UK. Available at: https://www.complex.com/style/2015/06/zara-founder-is-being-sued-by-former-employees-for-discrimination [Accessed 23 Apr. 2017]. Ferrazzi, K., 2015.7 Ways to Improve Employee Development Programs. [online] Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2015/07/7-ways-to-improve-employee-development-programs [Accessed 23 Apr. 2017]. Forbes.com, 2016.Zara. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/companies/zara/ [Accessed 22 Apr. 2017]. Gulf-times.com, 2016.Bangladesh factories hit by workers strike. [online] Gulf-Times. Available at: https://www.gulf-times.com/story/525620/Bangladesh-factories-hit-by-workers-strike [Accessed 23 Apr. 2017]. Inditex.com, 2017.About us - inditex.com. [online] Inditex.com. Available at: https://www.inditex.com/our_group [Accessed 22 Apr. 2017]. Inditex.com, 2017.Career development - inditex.com. [online] Inditex.com. Available at: https://www.inditex.com/talent/professional_development [Accessed 23 Apr. 2017]. Jansen, A. and Samuel, M.O., 2014. Achievement of organisational goals and motivation of middle level managers within the context of the two-factor theory. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(16), p.53. Karnatovskaia, L.V., Gajic, O., Bienvenu, O.J., Stevenson, J.E. and Needham, D.M., 2015. A holistic approach to the critically ill and Maslow's hierarchy. Journal of critical care, 30(1), p.210. Martnez, J., 2016.Bangladesh workers of suppliers of Zara, HM and GAP in a strike STARS FOR WORKERS. [online] Starsforworkers.com. Available at: https://starsforworkers.com/bangladesh-workers-of-suppliers-of-zara-hm-and-gap-in-a-strike/ [Accessed 23 Apr. 2017]. Morley, N., 2016.Woman accuses Zara of discriminating against her braids. [online] Metro. Available at: https://metro.co.uk/2016/04/11/black-employee-claims-zara-discriminated-against-her-braid-hairstyle-5807971/ [Accessed 23 Apr. 2017]. Schuler, R. and E. Jackson, S., 2014. Human resource management and organizational effectiveness: yesterday and today.Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 1(1), pp.35-55. Sung, S. and Choi, J., 2014. Multiple dimensions of human resource development and organizational performance.Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(6), pp.851-870. Tyson, S., 2016.Essentials of human resource management. 1st ed. UK: Routledge. Wiener-Bronner, D., 2015.Zara stores in NYC accused of discriminating against black employees and customers. [online] Fusion.net. Available at: https://fusion.net/zara-stores-in-nyc-accused-of-discriminating-against-bl-1793848612 [Accessed 23 Apr. 2017]. Yusoff, W.F.W., Kian, T.S. and Idris, M.T.M., 2013. Herzbergs Two Factors Theory On Work Motivation: Does Its Work For Todays Environment. Global journal of commerce and Management, 2(5), pp.18-22.

WH Smith free essay sample

Walton Smith and his wife Anna in Little Grosvenor Street, London. WH Smith currently operates over 1200 stores, primarily in I-JK. It sells a wide range of products, which are divided into four categories: stationary, books and impulse as well as small range of entertainment products. Mission Statement: WH Smith aim is to be Britains most popular book seller, stationer and newsagent. Getting into more details of this statement it seems clear that WH Smith reached their purpose and they are improving products and popularity in the society is oving forward. They have the target audience and customers who visit one of 1200 stores almost every day. Social and ecological responsibility. WH Smith responsibly commits to manage the environmental impact on their operations and products they sell. WH Smith ensures that they use resources efficiently and reducing their carbon footprint helps to reduce costs. They also use DEFRA conversion factors to calculate C02 emissions from transport, business travel and so on. We will write a custom essay sample on WH Smith or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The newest evidence says that WH Smith reduced their energy consumption, reduced packaging, carrier bags, conserved water resources and mproved transport efficiency from 2007 to 20012. WH Smith also takes care of reducing waste within their business. They operate recycling and waste reduction for several years so that to avoid significant costs because of rising landfill taxes. Non- governmental organisations expect WH Smith to contribute their role in reducing carbon emissions, support sustainable forest sourcing and ethical trading. Political and economic environment. WH Smiths operational costs are affected by underlying cost inflation and legislative and fiscal changes in relation to paper, packing fuel, utilities rates and salaries. Every time the government changes the taxes or employment law for a better control of country, it always affects WH Smith. The company have to follow the law once is changed, what means they have to change the policy or system of the company related to the law. Such changes cost time and money. Inflation which is economical factor is one of the issues for WH Smith. Company has to look for other sources which supply paper packing, utilities etc. or spend more on it what means the inputs of WH Smith is going up. Socio-cultural environment. As one article says, around 500 post offices in Greater Manchester and South West Wales organized the strike against franchising post office services to WH Smith. Many of the post office workers were not happy with continuing downgrading of the service and partnership between post office ltd and WH Smith. It happens because WH Smith does not have an image of providing good services that the post offices do. If it happens in the future it might be loss of over 124. 000 highly trained post office staff. This is not fair with those who worked for a long time in post offices and lose their jobs. This example is socio-cultural factor which may affect many workers and partly WH Smith. Moreover WH Smith is committed to equality and diversity through its policies and activities. All employees are given equal opportunity to be recruited and selected, promoted, trained, developed and access to benefits. Ensuring that WH ith tultill their commitment they nave diversity systems to make all t e statt equal including age, gender, ethical origin, full or part time workers and experience factors. Technological environment. WH Smith uses and relies on considerable number of IT systems. Any system problem could seriously affect WH Smith ability to trade. WH Smith also has to follow the news and try to improve their products, offer good deals and so on. Nowadays there are lots of online shops for example amazon. com which has ability to put the new products in the market immediately cheaper and attract a lot of customers. Such technological facilities and competitors can reduce sales in WH Smith stores. This is why they have to improve the quality of their products and services, offering good deals, vouchers or loyalty cards so that people prefer and trust to buy in WH Smith for the better quality instead of online shops. WH Smith also use technologies so that to keep their staff informed and ensured that everyone are engaged in their business strategy providing internet sites and regular e-newspapers. WH Smith also reaches their customers online via www. whsmith. co. uk , they provide greeting cards and gifts, so that to attract as many customers as they can. Demographic environment. Demographic factors can also have an impact on reducing number of customers. Epidemic diseases such as flu caused by changeable I-JK climate or even acts of terrorism can distract WH Smith target audience for long time. If it happens WH Smith profits and incomes decrease. Corporate values. WH Smith plays an important role in many communities across I-JK. They contribute and continue to focus on literacy. Their School Giveaway project helps numbers of schools to boost their library resources and also hospitals programme which provides reading material for patients. Highly valued resources by medical staff are provided to hospitals for fewer prices because very often many hospitals are out of budget to get them. Moreover WH Smith works with numerous charities and tries to nderstand their cause and support their effort. In 2012 WH Smith invest a lot in developing their staff providing training programmes as accessible as possible to a wide range of staff to build their knowledge and improve career opportunities. A commitment of corporate responsibility is at the heart of WH Smith, their purpose is to be ranked as highly as possible in their business and corporate responsibility index to improve their performance in the society. Conclusion. Based on my research I can state that WH Smith company factors are unstable some f them changing slowly some of them rapidly depending on different environment. In my opinion the biggest influence of rapid changes has technological and political environments WH Smith is the business which has to follow trends and up-to-date their products and services very fast. As far as political environment is concerned, the new laws, tax changes can be unexpected but once it happens WH Smith has to act fast and change their companys policies and adapt in the new environment as soon as possible. Other environments do not have such rapid changes in WH Smith ctivities. The main aim of WH Smith is to act responsibly in corporate values and social and ecological environment so that to create good image between all the stakeholders. They improve it slowly following changes in the society and other sectors. My overall assessment about WH Smith company is that they are well organized big company, trying not only to make benefit out of business but also taking care of communities, nature, staff members and their customers. http://www.whsmithplc.co.uk/corporate_responsibility http://www.whsmithplc.co.uk/investors/company_reports/corporate_responsibility_reports http://www.whsmithplc.co.uk/corporate_responsibility/wh_smith_plc_corporate_responsibility_reports/ http://www.whsmithplc.co.uk/corporate_responsibility/community/ http://www.whsmithplc.co.uk/search/results/bbe8e80532efb52ec536652efcb8925b/

United Nations Security Counci essays

United Nations Security Counci essays Does veto power have a future in the United Nations Security Council? Perhaps the answer to this question would become clearer if it was reformatted to reflect the true question that lies at the heart of this matter. Will the major powers that possess veto power relinquish that authority for the sake of the greater development of a less centrally dominated, more egalitarian United Nations which would be more suited to become the central actor in international law and order? Although this analysis of the issue of veto power in the UNSC may seem harsh it is essentially the truth. The removal or at least the modification of the veto power would only lead to power being shared between a larger number of UN member countries. It would also likely lead to quicker and greater action taken against regimes that commit human rights abuses and other violations of international law. Although this would lead to a better UN which would be far more capable of acting as the chief facilitator of inter national law the political ramifications of eliminating the veto and the loss of direct power experienced by the major powers that hold the veto prevent any reform from taking place and will likely continue to prevent reform in the future. The best way to achieve progress in this matter is by offering moderate reforms that still allow for major powers to continue to wield major power but remove the absolute power that is found in the veto. Before one can realize the political ramifications of removing the veto it is important that the power that is connected with the veto be fully understood. While advocates of multi-veto systems or weighted systems have much credibility in their proposed systems it must be recognized that while these proposals may seem moderate any removal of the single veto system constitutes the loss of unparalleled power. The single veto system which is used today offers the countries that posses it the supreme authority to s...

4 Ways to Combat Negativity at Work

4 Ways to Combat Negativity at Work We all have that one co-worker who’s just plain†¦ negative. He or she comes in from the elevator followed by a sad, grey cloud. They spend all of their time grumbling about work- having either too much or too little, and their personal lives don’t sound much better. There’s always one in every office, and often to caricatured proportions. But it can be easy to drift into that negative territory. Just to make sure you haven’t taken on any of these bad habits or deflated attitudes, be on the look-out for the following four signs of encroaching negativity at work.   Avoid your own black cloud.Watch Your PostureRemember your first days on the job? You came to work all bright-eyed and bushy-tailed, spine straight, head up, typing with your fingers on your home keys, sitting tall in your swivel chair, and drinking vegetable juice for lunch! Or, you know, some version of that kind of effort.But with time, and setbacks, and disappointments, your bad moods h ave started to sink into your bones. Before you know it, you’re slouched over your keys, slumping as you walk, and sneering at your screen. Even if you’re just stressed or inattentive to the ways in which your posture might be wavering, it’s making you look bad to your boss, who values positivity in outlook and professionalism in demeanor. Straighten up!Curb the ComplaintsIt’s too cold, too hot. The meeting was too long, too short. The coffee sucks. The vacation package sucks. Your insurance sucks. Your weekend sucked. The printer†¦ don’t get me started on the printer.Make sure you’re not constantly complaining, even if there are things that you could (reasonably) constantly complain about. And stop complaining altogether about things not in your power to change. If you find yourself ranting and raving for 20  minutes at a time, sit yourself down and ask why you’re suddenly so frustrated at work. But whatever you do, keep the c omplaining to a minimum. Start to notice every time you do it and keep track.Force Yourself to be FriendlyThat sounds awful, but how many people pop by your cubicle for a chat? Ask you to grab a coffee? Wait for you to head to lunch? If the answer is no one (especially if it used to be everyone), then you have some work to do. Not spending at least a small part of your workday chatting to coworkers is a pretty good sign that you’re not universally well-liked. Even if you aren’t a people person, try encouraging a little more social atmosphere. And the best way to make friends is to be upbeat and pleasant to be around!Can the PessimismLand a new project? Get a promotion? Is your first thought one of annoyance at how much extra work you’ll have to do? Or what stress you will be under? Or how many more hours you’ll have to log? That’s a bad sign. When even good news seems like bad news, it’s time to give yourself an outlook makeover.But don†™t worry! Even if you have slipped into the negativity bubble, it’s not too late to pull yourself back into the light. Remember, nobody likes a Negative Nelly. Get yourself back on the right track.

CONTRACT LAW ASSESSED COURSEWORK Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

CONTRACT LAW ASSESSED COURSEWORK - Term Paper Example The Postal Rule The foremost instance of the Postal Rule was established in the case of Adams v Lindsell  (1818), which established the following point: â€Å"  it would be impossible to complete any contract through the post; if the defendants were not bound by their offer until the answer was received, then the plaintiffs would not be bound until they had received word that the defendants had received their acceptance, and this could go on indefinitely† The judge gave his point, where he describes what a postal rule is. The Postal Rule is an exception to the common rule of offer and acceptance. Under the common practice of contract formation and application, the acceptance takes place only when it is communicated to the offerror. Until and unless the acceptance has not been communicated, a contract cannot be formed between the two parties. However, the Postal Rule has a different practice when it comes to the communication of the acceptance of the offerree. Under the Pos tal Rule, the acceptance takes place when the letter is posted, which is contrary to what is usually practiced under the Contract Law in Common Law countries. In the case of Dunlop v Higgins (1848), the law was laid down which confirmed the earlier judgment in the Adam’s case, where it was mentioned that â€Å"posting of a letter confirming the acceptance involves the binding of the contract, even if the letter never arrived to the offerror†. There are theories which go against this judgment, especially in the days of emailing when sending and receiving mail has become lightning fast, and therefore, this rule should stand to be invalid and obsolete, as we shall discuss later in this paper. Let us look at the philosophy of the Postal Rule, and try to gauge the reasons behind the implantation of such a rule as an exception to the most basic principles of contract law. The Postal Rule was established to ease the communication lags during the 19th century between the offer re and the offerror. A post mail used to take quite a lot of time in order to reach the other party, and in performance of time bound contracts, the general rule of acceptance only valid when communicated became difficult to enforce upon the parties, as it would take days and weeks to communicate the acceptance, and in such time the whole purpose of the contract would melt down and become impotent. (1879) Therefore, in order to curb the drawbacks of the post mail communication, the Postal Rule was established, which eased the general rule of acceptance, and allowed the parties, to enter into contracts without fulfilling the need to communicate the other of his/her acceptance by mail, which included the posting of the acceptance letter and the subsequent time attached to it in order for the acceptance to reach the offerror. The rule came into play to reduce the time taken to communicate the order of acceptance, and now by just mailing the acceptance, and not having to wait until the mail was received by the offerre, the contract had been formed. The rational behind the postal rule is that it encourages contracting by parties at a distance by making the person in the position of giving an acceptance just as secure as if the contract was being made face to face. Along with this proposition, another point which helped in the cause of its establishment was that it was a faster way of contracting between the

Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization for Business Essay

Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization for Business - Essay Example The researcher states that globalization can be defined as the incorporation of national economies into the world market. Integration is achieved through international direct investment, trade migration, cash flow and the advancement and spread of technology. Markets, where it is prevalent and specifically widespread, are financial markets such as credit and money markets, insurance markets and capital markets. Commodity markets, for example, gold, oil, coffee, and tin. Product markets, for example, consumer electronics and motor vehicle. Globalization in relation to business can be described as the process allowing investment and financial markets to carry out business internationally mainly as a result of deregulation and better communications. It is evident that the current world is closely networked together. However, it is easy to lose focus just how rapid and systematically globalization is occurring and how many business organizations are being run. Drucker noted that globaliz ation is not an economic phenomenon but psychological. He noted that all of the advanced western principles and approaches are taken as the norm by many nations. The view took shape for Drucker in 2001 when an old student from Taiwan working in China paid him a visit. Drucker asked him â€Å"what is the most important thing that has happened in China the last three to five years?† the former student paused for a while and answered that the Chinese at that time considered purchasing a vehicle is a need not a luxury. The exact situation is same in Russia where business analysts anticipate the country surpassing Germany and becoming the biggest car market in Europe. However, taking advantage of such opportunities need a specific set of expertise. For instance, there is no need in strategizing the activities of the forever more intricate network of world suppliers, extracting profit on every deal.

The Apartheid government Essay Example for Free

The Apartheid government Essay The Apartheid government was able to remain in power for 50 years because it ensured that strong opposition was unable to grow against it and had the means to suppress it by force when necessary.  When a society feels that its demands are being met, and that state action during crises is in its interest, it will feel authoritarian regime to abide to Locke’s social contract (Spragens, 1997: 34 ) and thus have the right to rule, even without democracy (Levi, 1988; McGuire Olson, 1996 as cited in Ghandi Przeworski, 2007: 1281). An authoritarian regime requires a overwhelming monopoly of force( Ghandi Przeworski, 2007).. It is however when states fail to economically grow or resolve crises, that authoritarian regime does collapse. Once the regime can no longer provide for society, citizens lose obligation to follow its rule and the regime can face overthrow. This is also true if it lacks military capabilities to protect society and thus ensure stability( Ghandi Przeworski, 2007). Authoritarian regime is furthermore at risk of collapse when relative deprivation occurs in society (Breslin, Hague Harrop, 1992). Board opposition coalescence combines efforts aimed at a superior regime alternative. It delegitimises standing authoritarian regimes as does international dimension factors, seeing as when one’s surrounding nations democratise, one’s own society will wish to democratise too. The apartheid government’s authoritarian rule survived for 50 year because of the initial lack of afore mentioned challenges. Before the country was excluded from the international community, the apartheid regime had command over the economy and satisfied the demands of white citizens, thus securing their legitimacy. Its initial financial support from abroad and surrounding nations’ late liberalisation, also buffered it from facing overthrow. By ensuring Black’s poverty, illiteracy and discrimination, the Apartheid regime further ensured their survival. It crushed revolts from the oppressed Black majority through military force. It furthermore enforced Bantu education, providing Black kids with inferior schooling, and the colour bar, limiting job availability and salary due to one’s race.  Blacks’ focus was moulded to be that of making a living, at the expense of their vote for half a decade.

Online Gaming Essay -- Video Games Computer

Introduction "The video gaming industry generates revenue of between 18 and 25 billion US dollars per year (according to various estimates), with development costs, revenue and use/audience comparable (and often exceeding) that of the movie industry."--John Kirriemuir, Ceangal Why should businesses care about gaming? After all, how much are people willing to spend on entertainment? Surprisingly, quite a lot. The video gaming industry generates revenue of between 18 and 25 billion US dollars per year (according to various estimates), with development costs, revenue and use/audience comparable (and often exceeding) that of the movie industry. With the arrival of the next-generation online consoles from Sony, Nintendo, and Microsft, the industry expects to surpass $30 billion by 2009(RocSearch Ltd). Both arguments show that the video game industry as a contender in the media markets. As such, business leaders expecting to make their mark in the media industries must acquire an understanding of video games on a global level. Doing so will require a look at the three major video game markets: Asia, North America, and Europe. The purpose of this site is to ask the major global questions: Does online gaming change from region to region? Who are the online gamers in these markets? How do the different markets respond to online gaming? What are the positive and negative aspects of online gaming? And finally, what is the future of online gaming? Follow the links on the left for the answers. The Pros & Cons of Online Gaming "But as far as videogames are concerned, I think we've got very strong support in general. There are a lot of software companies and nobody's been able to get all the programmers to devote themselves... ... * Kelly, R.V.(2004). Massively multiplayer online role-playing games : the people, the addiction and the playing experience.NJ: McFarland & Co. * Drotner, Kirsten (2001). Medier for Fremtiden. Copenhagen: HÃ ¸st og SÃ ¸n. Websites Consulted: * DW Staff. . 2002. * Glenn, Elias. 2004. * ESA. 2005. * RocSearch. 2005. * Berkowitz, Ben. 2004. * Terdiman, Daniel. 2005. * Play Online. 2004. * Game Research. 2002.

Quiz 2 Art Appreciation

1. An example of three-dimensional art is _________________________. A) drawingB) paintingC) all of theseD) sculpture Points Earned: | 1. 0/1. 0 | | Correct Answer(s): | D | 2. The first work of art purchased through the Art in Public Places program was ________________________. A) a sculpture by MichelangeloB) a painting by Marcel DuchampC) a sculpture by Alexander CalderD) a painting by Vincent van Gogh Points Earned: | 1. 0/1. 0 | | Correct Answer(s): | C | 3.Contour lines ______________________. A) cause an emotional response in the viewerB) are a function of line of sightC) define the edges of an objectD) all of these Points Earned: | 1. 0/1. 0 | | Correct Answer(s): | C | 4. Cruci-Fiction Project by Guillermo Gomez-Pena and Roberto Sifuentes waas ________________. A) a work of political artB) all of theseC) a work of performance artD) a work of public art Points Earned: | 0. 0/1. 0 | | Correct Answer(s): | B | 5.A modern artist who chose to intentionally violate the rules of pe rspective to draw attention to elements of his composition was _____________________. A) Leonardo da VinciB) Vincent van GoghC) Henri MatisseD) Claude Monet Points Earned: | 1. 0/1. 0 | | Correct Answer(s): | C | 6. Paintings, drawings, and photographs are _______________________. A) two-dimensional works of artB) made with oil paintC) three-dimensional works of artD) the only kinds of art discussed in your textbook Points Earned: | 1. 0/1. 0 | |Correct Answer(s): | A | 7. Vanishing points and converging lines are related to ______________________. A) linear perspectiveB) three-dimensional artC) contour drawingsD) foreshortening Points Earned: | 0. 0/1. 0 | | Correct Answer(s): | A | 8. Marcel Duchamp's controversial painting, Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2, was influenced by ______________________. A) water in motionB) shingles on a roofC) a posed female nudeD) stop-motion photography Points Earned: | 1. 0/1. 0 | | Correct Answer(s): | D | . One of the tricks artists use to mak e a flat work of art look like it is not flat is ________________________. A) foreshorteningB) all of theseC) linear perspectiveD) overlapping Points Earned: | 0. 0/1. 0 | | Correct Answer(s): | B | 10. Vincent van Gogh's painting, The Starry Night _______________________________. A) sets a parallel between the church and natureB) expresses the infinity of natureC) uses expressive lineD) all of these Points Earned: | 1. 0/1. 0 | | Correct Answer(s): | D |

“Lord of the Flies” Essay Introduction Essay

William Golding’s Lord of the Flies repeatedly contrasts with the morality-driven views of the controversial philosopher Frederick Nietzsche. Golding’s allegorical novel tells the story of a group of young boys who remain stranded on an island and left to their own instincts. Golding and Nietzsche would argue the issues the boys face are based on the morality and nature of man. Ralph, the protagonist, is delegated power by the other boys, while Jack, the antagonist, quickly becomes jealous of Ralph’s power. In Lord of the Flies, the conch, the masks, and the â€Å"lord of the flies† represent civilization, freedom and evil respectively. Golding supports a Judeo-Christian order, in which society designs morality and evil inspires fear; Nietzsche in contrast argues that man should follow personal morals and that evil will grow out of an ongoing struggle for power. Nietzsche would point to the contrast between the tribes of Ralph and Jack to support his belief that yes-saying should prevail over no-saying; that is, personal ideals should take precedent over societal ideals. Golding’s interpretation of the conch, the masks and the lord of the flies contrasts with Nietzsche’s ideas of morality and the nature of man and of society. Upon arriving on the island, Ralph discovers a conch that the boys use to call and control their assemblies. Golding uses the conch to represent the society and government which the boys construct. At the beginning of the book, the shell symbolizes their civility and order because they seem to follow and respect its powers. â€Å"Where the conch is, that’s a meeting†¦We’ve got to have rules and obey them. After all we’re not savages† (Golding 42). Unknown to the reader at the time, this quote is quite ironic as the boys will later lose control and become savages competing for food and survival. Golding believes that civilization provides structure for man just as the conch provides order for the boys. Without civilization, man would turn to his instincts, naturally leaving him fearful in the absence of the morality and standards which have guided him through life. From fear, Golding argues, evil deeds are committed. Golding also believes that morality is a social construct and that without society morals cease to exist. These thoughts are seen in Lord of the Flies. When Ralph and Jack split up, separating their society and introducing Jack’s group to savagery, morality and order rupture and slowly fall apart. Jack and his â€Å"savages† become fixed on the bloodthirsty murder of pigs, constantly chanting, â€Å"Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood!† (G 152), demonstrating they lack sanity and morality, while Ralph and the others that remain stay moral and â€Å"†¦worked†¦.with great energy and cheerfulness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  However, for Ralph’s tribe, â€Å"†¦ as time crept by there was a suggestion of panic in the energy and hysteria in the cheerfulness† (G130). Although Ralph’s tribe tries to remain true to the conch, a sense of fear lingers as the need for survival increases. In a final meeting of the two tribes toward the end of the book, it’s clearly evident that society breaks down as Ralph and Jack end up in a brawl after the conch breaks. â€Å"Viciously, with full intention, he hurled the spear at Ralph. The point tore the skin and flesh over Ralph’s ribs†¦.Ralph stumbled, feeling not pain, but panic† (G 181). Once the conch broke, so did all morality and order. Consequently, the boys fight to the death. Golding’s views on civilization that morality evolves from community manifest itself in the boys’ use of conch in his book, Lord of the Flies. Nietzsche, directly contrasting Golding, believes that morality should be determined by individuals instead of society. â€Å"Every select man strives instinctively for a citadel and a privacy†¦where he may forget ‘men who are the rule†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (WP 26). Nietzsche agrees that that society forms a sense of morality, but he dislikes this because he believes that one shouldn’t follow a â€Å"herd mentality.† Instead, he advocates setting and following one’s own morals. Nonetheless, he understands that this is tough, and most of society will follow the established aristocratic values. Nietzsche believes that, in this context, being a yes-sayer means following your own morals and not those set by society. He also believes that all actions in society should result from the individual will to obtain power. This conflict between society and personal freedom plays out through Roger, one of Jack’s partners, who early on threw rocks for fun avoiding â€Å"a space round Henry, perhaps six yards in diameter†¦Ã¢â‚¬  that signified, â€Å"†¦the taboo of the old life† (G 62). Roger avoided Henry out of respect for the societal standards that he followed. But as the book progresses, Roger’s animalistic ways take over and â€Å"†¦with a sense of delirious abandonment†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (G 180) he murders Piggy, one of the other boys. Therefore, Nietzsche would approve of Roger, whose actions become based upon a will to power, as opposed to Golding who would argue that Roger acts out of fear. In several scenes in the middle of the book, the boys don masks to cover their dirty faces, allowing themselves freedom from a herd mentality which Nietzsche would approve of this. When the boys put on the masks, they lose their individual identities. In essence, they free themselves from the weight of morality, and this allows them to commit otherwise unthinkable acts. â€Å"The mask was a thing of its own, behind which Jack hid, liberated from shame and self-consciousness† (G 64). Nietzsche would like that the masks allow the boys to follow their own ideas and create their own artistic path, something he strongly supports and says can be achieved â€Å"†¦through long practice and daily work at it† (WP 290). The masks take away the boys’ individual identity, allowing them to disobey civilization’s morals while avoiding shame. However, while Nietzsche would approve of their freedom, he would disapprove of the need to wear the masks. In his view, the b oys need to embrace their true selves to be free rather than hiding behind the masks. Nietzsche believes that the boys should be yes-saying because they should be strong enough act freely according to their own instincts, without guilt or shame. Golding believes that the use of the masks allows them to hide their shame and also enables them to become savages. Golding thinks that the boys are afraid of showing their shame so they repress it by wearing the masks to avoid the ostracism from society. The masks give the boys freedom, but Golding thinks this is dangerous because too much freedom gives way to instincts which ultimately lead to savagery. While wearing the masks the boys are â€Å"†¦not much better than uncaged beasts†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Gen. 22. 13). Golding describes Jack, â€Å"†¦His sinewy body held up a mask that drew their eyes†¦He began to dance and his laughter became blood thirsty snarling† (G 64). Golding attempts to show how the masks affect the boys as they lose touch with themselves. Golding would argue that the boys abandon the need to follow the rules when they wear the masks. Without the masks the boys compulsively feel the need to follow rules. The hierarchy of society keeps man accountable for his actions, as Jack let the fire run out Ralph angrily says to him, â€Å"There was a ship†¦you could have had everyone when the shelters were finished. But you had to hunt†¦there was the brilliant world of hunting, tactics, fierce exhilaration, skill; and there was the world of longing and baffled commonsense†¦ Jack was powerless and raged without knowing why† (G 71-72). Ralph’s leadership over Jack and the others is evident here as angrily resets order, and the others quickly accept. Without their masks, Golding would argue that the boys’ freedom is limited by society; something that he believes is just. The sow’s head, dubbed â€Å"lord of the flies†, symbolizes the evil that the boys commit on the island. â€Å"The head hung there, a little blood dribbling down the stick†¦the Lord of the Flies hung on his stick and grinned† (G 138). Golding tries to prove to the reader that evil exists in all of us. In the mind of Simon, the head comes alive and says to him, â€Å"I’m part of you†¦I’m the reason why it’s no go†¦you know perfectly well you’ll only meet me down there [too]† (G 143). This meeting between the lord of the flies and Simon shows the reader the pig’s evilness as he admits â€Å"I’m part of you† and it also underscores Golding’s point: he believes that evil is unavoidable; throughout the book, every character commits acts of evil. Simon is the one exception, whose calm nature can be described as un-human, or god-like, and more mature than the other boys, his eyes â€Å"†¦Dim with the infinite cynicism of adult life† (G 137) proving his overbearing adult-like superiority. Many people argue that Simon is a direct parallel to Jesus, as the scene when he talks to the pig is similar to Jesus’ conversation with the devil. Simon is also used as a foil to all the other boys on the island to show their lack of humility and maturity. The boys place the pig’s head on the stick to ward off their fears, ultimately creating worry and fear of survival. The pig embodies the evil acts committed by the boys out fear. Nietzsche counters these ideas with his belief that fear is weak and that yes-saying morality is key to avoiding evil. Nietzsche would agree and disagree with Golding on many points regarding fear and evil. First, he would argue that man shouldn’t allow fear to control one’s actions. Rather, men should become yes-sayers and avoid the fear that makes them weak. Man should be strong enough to take control of his life instead of letting fear control him. Nietzsche would agree with Golding that Simon represents a god-like being that isn’t affected by evil because he believes that someone needs to set standards, but one can follow his own path similar. Nietzsche alludes to this point by saying, â€Å"†¦just ask yourself who is actually ‘evil’ in the sense of morality of ressentiment† (Gen. 22.3), speaking of his dislike of the negatively driven morality that is created by many societies. Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies uses powerful symbols to represent the key cultural characteristics of civilization, morality, freedom and evil. Golding uses the conch, the masks and the lord of flies to convey his Judeo-Christian beliefs, which stand in contrast to Frederick Nietzsche’s morality-driven views. Nietzsche would argue that one who is strong is someone that can follow their own artistic path instead of following society’s path, yes versus no saying. Golding represents these ideas through the conch which the boys use to govern their community and with the decay of the conch came the decay of order. The masks are used for the boys to hide their shame and commit barbarous acts, Golding would argue, while the lord of the flies is used to embody the evil that the boys commit on the island. Lord of the Flies is a powerful depiction of the best and worst of human nature that can exposed at all times.

buy custom George Bush and his influence on History essay

buy custom George Bush and his influence on History essay George W. Bush is widely remembered as the 43rd president of the United States having served for two terms from 2001-2009. Bush was born on 6th July in New Haven, Connecticut and lived an interesting life that characterized his journey to the most powerful office on the planet. He is also considered as lucky for the fact that his father George H Bush was the 41st president of the United States. Their terms at the helm were separated by the two terms served by Bill Clinton from 1994-2001. Bush graduated from Yale University back in 1968 and went ahead to serve in different capacities before he eventually became president (Ivins Lou, 2000). He served as a pilot in the Texas National Guard and later enrolled in the Harvard School of business where he attained his MBA. He is actually the only American President to ever get an MBA, especially from such a reputable institution. He also worked in the gas and oil industry until the year 1986 when he got interested in politics and settled on campaigning for his father. He successfully campaigned for his father in a process that ensured George Bush senior was elected as the American president. After this achievement, Bush went to Texas where he successfully vied for the governors post in 1994 and 1998. Perhaps as a result of successful stints in politics, Bush declared that he was more than ripe to go for presidency (Ivins Lou, 2000). The first indicator of a possibility in attaining the presidency was embodied in his triumph during the republican nominations in the year 2000. Bush then chose Dick Cheney as his running mate and they arguably won against Al Gore and Joseph Lieberman, who represented the democrats. Everybody now remembers the election as one that was closely contested with controversial sideshows that characterized the scene. The outcome of the general election and that of the popular votes were totally different but nevertheless, Bush was announced as the elections winner. The electoral vote favored Bus h with a total of 271 against 267 for Al gore. He repeated the same feat four years down the line in the same controversial manner. One remarkable observation about Bush was the fact that his popularity was always on the decline given several contributing factors (Sufry Serf, 2003). The Iraqi War, the handling of the Katrina Disaster and the economic recession of 2008, were the main factors leading to popularity decline. Bush is also remembered for a closely knit family that consists of a wife and twin daughters. He got married to Laura Welch in 1977 after courting for a period of about three months. Together, they have twin daughters, Jenna and Barbara who were born in 1981. Jenna and Barbara both graduated in 2004, in the University of Texas and Yale respectively. Bush is also remembered for his participation in the organization of Texas Rangers professional baseball team. His participation served as a probable indicator of his worth in regard to issues of management and leadersh ip. The most outstanding incident during his tenure was perhaps the September 11 bombings of the twin towers in 2001. Osama bin Laden and his terror outfit the al-Qaeda, claimed responsibility for the bombing. Bush then declared war on terrorism and most of his policies were extremely controversial and subsequently caused more harm than good (Bush Bill, 2004). The whole situation was overshadowed by the Iraqi war, the war in Afghanistan against the Taliban, and the mistreating of prisoners in Guantanamo Bay and Abu Ghraib. In association with his closest ally and friend, Bush and Tony Blair, launched several attacks against Saddam Husseins government. Iraq was greatly suspected of having weapons of mass destruction in its possession. This led to Saddams ousting but the weapons were never found. A closer look at the prospects and policies designed by Bush indicates that he probably had the right intentions at the beginning but most of his designs were eventually hit by uncertainties . America certainly stands out as the most wealthy and influential country in the world in regard to very many aspects. It is regarded as the watchdog and caretaker of other nations, especially in the developing world. Due to these and many other positions, the country is therefore considered as a world superpower. From this angle we therefore conclude that being able to hold the highest office in terms of power and control, Bush made his first mark as an important figure in the society (Ivins Lou, 2000). He will thus be remembered for the fact that he ascended to the presidency at the beginning of the 21st century (Bush Bill, 2004). While in office, it is evident that Bush did implement or show the intention of achieving certain things that would transform the lives of Americans in many ways. The policies and issues he raised specifically touched on both positive and negative dimensions but were still significant. One of the factors that contribute to his acknowledgement is the mann er in which certain policies were affected. For instance, Bush was on the frontline in rooting for the acceptance of millions of illegal immigrants into the country. Traditions and constitutional approaches in the US have always been strict and previous leaders were particularly careful in tackling issues. Bushs character thus qualifies as daring in this case and he shall always be remembered for these feats. He argued that the law was not precisely clear on the issue of immigrants and reasonable measures ought to have been taken to save the lives of millions of people (Sufri Serf, 2003). He did not support amnesty for this group of people, but he acknowledged that America heavily relied on their services. The country witnessed the highest number of illegal entries in its history during Bushs first term in office. The issues culminated in the immigrant reform act that took effect in the year 2007 having been written by senators from both sides of the government. The aim was to impr ove the services of the National Guard at the Mexican border and to also provide avenue that would justify and authenticate the entry of immigrants into the country. Serious reforms were targeted including the revamping of the green card but the presidents intentions were however rubbished by the senate vote. He was again relentless and went for reforms that did not require serious executive considerations in the law. Another landmark activity that was emphasized during the Bush administration, was the attention accorded to educational matters and the general welfare of children. Bush clearly saw the need for balancing the educational abilities of those students perceived to be bright, and that of students believed to be somehow disadvantaged in certain ways. The initiative was dubbed No Child Left Behind and it generally received considerable support from both parties in government at the time. Apart from reducing the gap between the poor and rich students through the spectrum of p erformance, the bill targeted the empowerment of parents from poor backgrounds. The bill also recognized the need for additional funding especially for children in the disadvantaged category. The bill was eventually signed into law in the year 2002 despite heated debates and emerging controversies (Bush Bill, 2004). Bush also used his second term in office to bring the biggest reforms to the health care sector. His stipulations ensured that the welfare of a greater part of the population was given due consideration. The Medicare bill composed of measures that would facilitate easier acquisition of prescription drugs by the most vulnerable in the society. Older people and the children were generally targeted in this proposal. When the September 11 attacks took place in 2001, Bush had just occupied office for a few months. Obvious implications suggest that he was supposed to deal with the situation in the capacity of a president (Bush Bill, 2004). Thousands of Americans lost their lives and the consequences of terror were evidently looming in the entire nation. The terrorists had successfully instilled fear in the masses and the people were yearning for a considerable course of action. He was the first president to ever declare a massive war on terror in many years. Together with his closest ally the British Prime minister, Tony Blair, Bush declared a war on terror and immediately swung into action. He began by targeting several countries in the Middle East that were thought to be supportive of terrorists (Sufry Serf, 2003). Afghanistan and Iraq emerged as the major casualties of the Bush crusade against terror. He received significant support in the initial stages of his moves from Americans and the whole world in general. However, the same course of action was responsible for his decline in popularity after many people realized that his invasions were not justified. His plans were definitely ill-advised or they included making wrong choices with the right intention. The global war on terror nevertheless made its mark but eventually failed to materialize into tangible effects. For instance, he could not prove that Iraq actually had weapons of mass destruction after a long stint of invasions that resulted in several deaths in the country. Collin Luther Powell was born in 1937 in New York City and remains an influential figure in the US, in the field of politics and also as a writer (Oren, 2002). He served in different capacities in the US before finally being appointed as the secretary of state by President Bush. Among the positions he served in, was the prestigious military leadership that basically catapulted his recognition on the political scene. He achieved his MBA at the University of Washington after a previous stint of attaining education in public schools at primary levels. He is also remembered as being the one of the few black leaders who had an outstanding say in the Bush Administration. He is a firm leader who is always guided by principle and does not believe in pleasing people at the expense of public matters (Oren, 2002). His good reputation in politics and the military were however stained by his involvement in the Iraqi war. He supported Bushs war in Iraq but has since regretted his involvement since the war turned out to be worthless. As a matter of fact, he was very close to President Bush and took part in the passing of several policies. He is also regarded as a household name in the US just like his former boss. George Victor Voinovich was born in 1936 and served in different capacities before eventually serving as the senator for Ohio. He is currently retired and leaves behind a legacy that is worth the attention. He was born and bred in Cleveland where he also began his education. His father was a Serbian while his mother came from Slovenia. He obtained his Law degree at the University of Ohio and went on to become the mayor of Cleveland from 1981 to 1989. He is known for his strict opposition for certain policies that were put forward by President Bush. This is despite the fact that they all belonged to the Republican Party. Bush was actually born in Connecticut but his parents moved him to Texas at a very tender age. It is therefore appropriate to identify him with the background that is Texas since it then became his home for most of his life. Texas was first founded by Spanish missionaries in the 16th century under unclear social circumstances. Hostile natives and some form of isolation resulted in under population until the revolutionary war broke out. It was previously owned by the Mexican government but a series of wars and revolutions ensured that the US took it away from the Mexicans. By the time Americans took the state from Mexicans in1845, population had undergone significant explosion. The state consists of vast fertile lands in the densely populated regions of the coastal plains, and also mountains in the northwest. The fertility of the entire region is generally favorable for farming and ranching activities. As a matter of fact, this region is known to harbor very rich individuals who own t he ranches and big farms in the country state. The econoomy of the state is basically supported by farming and ranching activities. It is also evident that array of weather pattern do appear in Texas with the driest region being Trans-Pecos. Different precipitation levels in the regions soils also serve to ensure that the area gets a variety of vegetation. Basically, farming activities take place in fertile conditions. Bush operated in a historical setting of a place that is believed to be the land of opportunities. The US is the biggest country in the world in terms of economic, social, and other ventures, and other countries look up to it for inspiration. The country commands a big influence in world politics and offers financial assistance to other countries owing to its position in world economics. Americans also expect a whole lot of accountability from their leaders in order to ensure that their country is not led astray. Figure 1. A photo of former US president George W. Bush Bush had a great influence in the 20th century in terms of political matters and other related fields. He therefore remains popular amongst the masses in America and also in other parts of the world for the same reason. However, as stated earlier his presidency began on a high note and ended on a low note. The trend is certainly common with many leaders and influential figures in modern societies and this case was not an exception. The economic situation in the United States was brighter in the beginning but after only seven years as president, many aspects had undergone deterioration and destruction. The US had staged a worthy fight to become a world economic superpower by the end of the 20th century by toppling Britain from the position. But by the time the 21st century began, the Bush administration had probably messed up the whole situation. The country had engaged in the most expensive war with Iraq and everything was seemingly in shambles. The banking industry became exploitati ve and the president only sat and watched. The banks not only participated in predatory tactics of lending but they also included deceitful practices that left everybody in danger. The banks basically preyed on Americans but the president did not take make any effort to salvage the American people. The resultant issue was the loss of homes, and other properties or the threat of being victimized by such dimensions. The war also drove up the general cost of living in the US due to expensive nature and significant allotment of funds. The military was heavily funded at the expense of education, health care, social welfare and environmental concerns (Sufry Serf, 2003). Bush was fighting for a good cause in terms of eliminating weapons of mass destruction and stamping out terrorism by all means possible. He will be remembered for that fact and his desire to ensure that the world remained a safe place to stay for every American and nonAmerican. He chose to engage in a just war with the support of other countries. However, this war had negative implications on economical and social aspects of the US, and it serves as the focal point in unraveling major sources of concern in the whole situation. The costs of gas and food were on the rise at a tremendous speed and the Bush administration also had to increase many fees in the country to facilitate the war. Effects of the war and the evident economic downfall all had effects on the welfare of farmers, home builders, and industries. There was a mortgage crisis that reigned in the entire nation in the name of a shattered economy, illegal lending practices, and the Iraqi war. During the mortgage crisis, many American citizens lost their jobs. As a result unemployment rates were at a high and this served as a key indicator of an economic crisis. There were possible beneficiaries of the situation who threatened to rise in terms of the economy, like China, but the American situation was generally controlled. Social aspects in the country were also subject to some upheavals especially after the September 11 bombings in 2001. Fear loomed over the country and it took such a long time for things to go back to normal. Bush responded in the best way possible by putting in place laws that would salvage the situation. In this case, the department of homeland security was founded and reforms were also enforced on the bill of rights. He clearly had an intention of helping out the situation for the sake of all Americans. I believe that George W. Bush actually made a mark in world politics and his contribution should be recognized even though scrutiny is welcome. He rose to the highest occupation as a result of his deep ambitions and a visionary approach (Mitchell, 2000). This fact is supported by considering that he only took a short time to ascend to that position unlike other Presidents who take a longer route. He reached his zenith at a young age considering the fact that his term and that of his father were separated by President Clintons two terms (Bush Bill, 2004). In other words he became president a few years after his father. People might argue that his fathers influence had some role in his achievement but evident facts suggest otherwise. Bush employed uncanny tactics and experience gained from campaigning for his father in ensuring that he ascended to the helm. His achievements were however short lived and this gives me reason to believe that Bush never invested his intellectual ability in running the government. He was only driven by passion and belief but never had, or ignored the implications of intellectual ability. As a result he made many unwarranted choices that drove the country into the dangers of collapsing. The Iraqi war and the handling of terror suspects at Guantanamo Bay brought some great deal of bad blood for America in other countries. America was also driven into the biggest economic crisis since the great depression and this can be attributed to lack of intellectual ability that eventually led to the grave mismanagement of a nation. Buy custom George Bush and his influence on History essay

Inexpressibility - Definition and Examples in Rhetoric

Inexpressibility s in Rhetoric Definition In rhetoric, inexpressibility refers to a speakers inability to find or use the appropriate words to describe a situation or relate an experience. Also called the inexpressibility trope or inexpressibility topos. Inexpressibility may be regarded as one of the tropes of silence or as adynatona type of hyperbole that emphasizes a subject by stating the impossibility of describing it. Examples and Observations Shakespeare himself couldn’t come up with the right words to describe the scene at the Staples Center Thursday night. It was a disaster moviefor the Los Angeles Lakersplaying out before our eyes on TNT. A proud franchise falling in epic fashion at the hands of the former doormat franchise that has existed in the Lakers’ shadow all these years.(Sekou Smith, Twitter Reacts: The Lakers Worst Loss Ever . . . and the Clips Biggest Win Ever. Sekou Smiths Hang Time Blog, March 7, 2014)Sir, I love you more than words can wield the matter.(Goneril in Act One, scene one of The Tragedy of King Lear by William Shakespeare)I do not err in conceiving that you are interested in details of all that is majestic or beautiful in nature; but how shall I describe to you the scenes by which I am now surrounded? To exhaust the epithets which express the astonishment and the admirationthe very excess of satisfied astonishment, where expectation scarcely acknowledged any boundary, is this, to i mpress upon your mind the images which fill mine now, even till it overflow?(Percy Bysshe Shelley in a letter to Thomas Love Peacock, Mont Blanc, July 22, 1816) Dantes Use of the Inexpressibility Trope If I had words grating and crude enough that really could describe this horrid hole supporting the converging weight of Hell, I could squeeze out the juice of my memories to the last drop. But I dont have these words, and so I am reluctant to begin. (Dante Alighieri, Canto 32 of The Divine Comedy: Inferno, trans. by Mark Musa. Indiana University Press, 1971) But if my verse would have a defect When entering into the praise of her, For that is to blame the weak intellect And our speech, that does not have the power Of spelling out all that Love says. (Dante Alighieri, Convivio [The Banquet], c. 1307, trans. by Albert Spaulding Cook in The Reach of Poetry. Purdue University Press, 1995) Inexpressibility in the Lyrics of Cat Stevens How can I tell you that I love you, I love you But I cant think of right words to say. I long to tell you that Im always thinking of you, Im always thinking of you, but my words Just blow away, just blow away. (Cat Stevens, How Can I Tell You. Teaser and the Firecat, 1971) There are no words I can use Because the meaning still leaves for you to choose, And I couldnt stand to let them be abused, by you. (Cat Stevens, The Foreigner Suite. Foreigner, 1973) Inexpressibility From Homer to Wes Anderson You might say The Grand Budapest Hotel is one big example of the device that rhetoricians call the inexpressibility trope. The Greeks knew this figure of speech through Homer: I could not relate the multitude [of the Achaeans] nor name them, not if I had ten tongues and ten mouths. The Jews know it, too, through an ancient part of their liturgy: Were our mouths as full of song as the sea, and the joy of our tongues as countless as the waves . . . we still could not give thanks enough. And, needless to say, Shakespeare knew it, or at least Bottom did: The eye of man hath not heard, the ear of man hath not seen, man’s hand is not able to taste, his tongue to conceive nor his heart to report what my dream was.† Anderson’s goofy dream is of course closest to Bottom’s version of inexpressibility. With great panache and an almost imperceptible wink, he serves up witty confections of sets, costumes and acting that are as deliberately mismatched to the terrors of this history as is Zero to Gustave. This is the film’s ultimate incongruity, meant to amuse and touch you while keeping Anderson honest about his firsthand ignorance of fascism, war and a half-century of Soviet dreadfulness. (Stuart Klawans, Missing Pictures. The Nation, March 31, 2014) Inexpressibility Topoi The root of the topoi to which I have given the above name is emphasis upon inability to cope with the subject. From the time of Homer onwards, there are examples in all ages. In panegyric, the orator finds no words which can fitly praise the person celebrated. This is a standard topos in the eulogy of rulers (basilikos logos). From this beginning the topos already ramifies in Antiquity: Homer and Orpheus and others too would fail, did they attempt to praise him. The Middle Ages, in turn, multiplies the names of famous authors who would be unequal to the subject. Included among the inexpressibility topoi is the authors assurance that he sets down only a small part of what he has to say (pauca e multis). (Ernst Robert Curtius, Poetry and Rhetoric. European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages, trans. by Willard Trask. Princeton University Press, 1953) Also See Apophasis  and  Paralepsis AposiopesisEmphasisFigures, Tropes, and Other Rhetorical TermsOccultatioTopoiVerbal Irony

Evaluation Of Personality Type Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evaluation Of Personality Type - Assignment Example With regards to my Type A/B personality assessment, my score of 132 makes me a type A+ personality type, which makes me highly ambitious, sensitive, status-conscious, organized, impatient, proactive, anxious, and time conscious. This can be deduced from my scores that show that I am never late, very competitive, fast, tend to sit on my feelings, and have few interests away from my task. On my procrastination assessment, my score of 25 shows that I am an occasional procrastinator as some situations at one point or the other trigger procrastination. Some of the reasons for occasional procrastination include occasional emotional preoccupation that may make me lose my drive and not want to take on any more physical or mental load. However, this procrastination does not last long and disappears as soon as the triggering events dissipate. Considering my Enneagram scores, I am a type 7, which makes me spontaneous, scattered, acquisitive, and versatile. This gives me the tendency to occupy m yself with exciting options and possibilities that give me anticipation and distract me from my fears. Finally, I am an afternoon person, which means that I prefer to be out and about when other people are, and I do not function optimally during late nights or early mornings.Working with OthersWhen working in a group, my Type A+ personality type makes me want my teammates to get to the point quickly, while I would also be very concerned with time management and expect my teammates to be as high-achieving as possible.

The Colorado Healthy Communities Initiative Lab Report

The Colorado Healthy Communities Initiative - Lab Report Example This uniqueness of this program that differentiates it from others is that it focused on the community based definition of health that means it gave a personal touch to it. The second important thing that was introduced was collaboration between those different individuals of the society to work for a common purpose. It helped an individual to build its own individual capacity. The involvement of different kinds of communities prevailing in that state was evident too. This study was conducted over a period of 8 years and extensive exploration took place in these years that have validated the research as being fruitful and a true representative of the thoughts of the common man living in Colorado about his health. It involved extensive evaluation of all the processes and steps that were involved in the process to understand the diversity of the individuals and implementing the health conscious techniques according to the individual's diverse background and value system. Four evaluatio n reports were produced through this program. These reports were the highlights of the program and the article is based on the important findings of those four reports only. The findings of this study were worth mentioning. The less participation on the part of the Coloradoan citizens in the decision making process that determines their future was reported. The citizens felt they weren't being given enough opportunities to foster participation. Another factor that was revealed through this study was the Coloradoan citizen's love, affection and sense of belonging with the state and the people of that state, the neighborhood and the government. A further astonishing finding was that they considered the local government more powerful and important than the overall government. They gave more weight to the local government as to solving their problems. Another thing that they believed strongly in was that the adult participation and prevention as being the two most effective ways of solving problems. The CHCI model was adapted from the National Civil League's approach to healthy community. It consisted of two phases; the first one was of 18 months of extensive strategic planning, the second phase consisted of 2 to 3 years of action-oriented implementation activities. The final step in the planning process was by the stakeholders to develop activities and plans to address to the issue. The stakeholder's could then apply for implementation grants and use those grants accordingly to the benefit of their respective communities. In addition to all this, a community indicators project was also initiated in the middle stages. The Colorado trust made additional funds to be made available to 15 other communities and this act turned out to be pretty fruitful. Evaluation The major outcomes from this initiative were that there was a lot of commitment shown on the part of the citizens of that state. They were a diverse group of people varying from the business to the education sector. The commitment and collaboration yielded from issue-focused outcomes to the creation of a new family based nonprofit resource