Thursday, August 27, 2020

Walter Whitman Essays - Brooklyn Eagle, Mystics, Walt Whitman

Walter Whitman Walter Whitman Through the historical backdrop of the United States there have been an endless quantities of writers. With them came an equivalent number of composing styles. Surely one of the most extraordinary artists to compose life's story through his own perspective on the world and with the aspiration to do it was Walter Whitman. Significantly condemned by numerous perusers of his work, Whitman was not a man to be discouraged. Before long he would show the world that he had a voice, and that it talked with a writer's words. In the air and carefree I take to the open street, Healthy, free, the world before me, the long earthy colored way before me driving any place I pick. Along these lines Whitman started his Tune of the Open Street. This paper will endeavor to depict his life and verse as it were that does equity to the way he picked. He was a man who grew up ruined, who composed from his encounters, and who attempted to lift his kindred men above life's details. These are the focuses to be talked about on these pages. To know the quintessence of Walter Whitman, you would need to comprehend the heart of his composition. For he is in his pen. Walter Whitman was conceived in West Hills, Long Island, New York, on May 31, 1819 . He didn't have a lot of chance for instruction in his initial life. His folks were generally poor and ignorant his dad a worker, while his mom was a faithful Quaker. Whitman was one of nine kids and little is thought about his childhood aside from that two of his kin were blockheads. No big surprise he exhibited such an understanding for life in his sonnets. In 1830, at eleven years old, he worked as an office kid for a legal counselor, where he took in the printing exchange. Whitman would before long take up educating at different schools in Long Island. He too occupied with carpentry and house building while he altered papers. His early years appeared to show a functioning enthusiasm for working with the general population. Whitman at one time acknowledged an occupation with a New Orleans paper, and in doing so presented himself to a lot of the nation. Getting to New Orleans required going over the Cumberland Hole and down streams, of which he later composed. America appeared to be both his home and motivation. In Calamus, some portion of his single book, Leaves of Grass, he composes of Louisiana as a live oak developing, in this manner appearing the delight he felt in all that he saw . To put it plainly, Whitman lived trough the country's brave age, when individuals must be (or appeared to be) somewhat more than life-size to achieve all the deeds they embraced. It was regular that Whitman, with his virtuoso and supernatural tendencies, ought to have floated into news coverage, a calling that could make a few requests on his local gifts. As much as he was an explorer, he was likewise a man of the individuals. In one of his audits, he depicted himself asnever on stages in the midst of the hordes of pastors, or teachers, or magistrates, or then again congressmen-fairly down in the narrows with pilots in their pilot pontoons or then again off on a journey with fishers in an angling smack-or composing on a Broadway omnibus, one next to the other with the driver-or with a band of loungers over the open grounds of the nation enamored with New York and Brooklyn-partial to the life of the extraordinary ships. Whitman clearly felt a family relationship with his nation, and later displayed this in his works. He additionally was not a man to tail others. Independent, with haughty eyes, accepting to himself all the properties of his nation, steps Walt Whitman into writing, talking like a man uninformed that there was ever heretofore such a creation as a book, or such a being as an essayist. Whitman's significant work, Leaves of Grass, was first distributed on the fourth of July in 1855. He was thirty-six years old, not yet a distributed essayist, and couldn't discover any organization willing to take a risk on his bizarre style. His involvement with papers permitted him to help distribute his work himself, in any event, setting up a portion of the sort what's more, dispersing the main version. To get a not too bad beginning, Whitman even ventured to such an extreme as to compose complimentary unsigned surveys of his book which he had put in the papers An American versifier finally! - his own expressions of his first work, demonstrating his boldness to be very much idea of. Whitman composed just one

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Bassanios reactions Essay Example

Bassanios responses Essay Example Bassanios responses Essay Bassanios responses Essay Both in the play and the film, Shylock is introduced as a strict man through the coarse speech utilized. [He abhors Antonio] for he is a Christian; The words a Christian propose that Shylock trusts Christians are something different which is totally unfamiliar to his own clan. Likewise, when Bassanio requests that Shylock eat with him, Shylock has such a solid response and accentuates on the word you as anaphora to state out the enormous contrast between them. As Shylock is stating this discourse in the film, he puts his left hand on the chest with a consistent articulation in the eyes as though he is demonstrating his total unwaveringness to God.When Antonio first shows up in the play, Shylock talks as speech to tell the crowd his genuine idea. In the event that [he] can get [Antonio] upon the hip, [he] will take care of fat the antiquated resentment [he] [bears] him. The crowd is stunned by how remorseless and solid the vengeance is, particularly the word fat gives us an appalling picture that we would nearly feel tired of how maniacal Shylock is.Surprisingly, this frightening speech has been forgotten about in the film. Rather, the disdain is uncovered to the watchers through the (nearby camera/camera-shot?) on the wide-opened gazing eyes of Shylock and his profound, overwhelming tone when he answers Bassanio, I am bantering of my current store,. Obviously, the impact is far less incredible than the words.Then Shylock starts to discuss the manner in which he has been abused, similar to a more bizarre mongrel, just as in the film where he has been communicated to be much increasingly abandoned. At the point when they stroll into Shylocks office from the uproarious swarmed road, the foundation of the workplace quickly draws the crowds consideration it is dim and chaotic with just a couple of spiked windows as though the room is a jail. At that point Shylock utilizes a substantial and pale tone to discuss his abuse like a detainee asking for kindness! The langu age, air and the tone have caused Shylock to appear to be much more vulnerable than both the crowd and watchers have perhaps expected, and because of the human instinct, men consistently will in general ensure the powerless individuals so the crowd would most likely be very thoughtful with Shylock in spite of his past negative image.The crowd presumably would have been persuaded that Shylock is really the na㠯⠿â ½ve. Why look how you storm! I would be companions with you, and have your affection what a benevolent offer that seems like, particularly when he outstretches his arms as though he would give Antonio all he has!However, his picture before long goes to malignant after he has requested an equivalent bound of Antonios reasonable substance as a relinquish. The crowd promptly understands that Shylock has not overlooked the retribution by any means, and the words reasonable substance really mean great tissue on the grounds that Antonio is a decent Christian. We are totally agitated and shocked by the evilness of the misleading Jew.Yet in the film, Shylock just calmly stands up and snatches the agreement as he declares the bound with a brief delay before he says an equivalent pound of your reasonable substance. This appears to persuade the watchers that Shylock says it as a joke which has recently gone up his brain trying to make Shylock look substantially more reasonable.On the other hand, Antonio is communicated to be much more fragile in his strict contrasted with Shylock as he breaks the custom of neither loaning nor obtaining for Bassanio. However his adoring and affable trademark is so a lot more grounded and is indicated completely which absolutely satisfies the crowds desire for a protagonist.Nevertheless, when Antonio concedes that he will spit and kick once more, the crowd is likely baffled of knowing his negative side. How could a legend be so gutless and biased against somebody extraordinary? However Antonio shows his genuineness on a reaso nable side. In the film, Antonio is irritated with Shylocks words and is anxious to stand up his idea, indicating his respectable and honest trademark contrasted with the two-timing Jew.But the environment is before long loaded up with tension as Antonio says, Exact the punishment. Subsequent to having heard the shrewd discourse, the word punishment resembles putting a picture for the end! Despite the fact that Antonio is so sure, the crowd can without much of a stretch sense the risk and think Antonio is self-important and stupid!When shylock declares the bound in the film, in any case, there is a (camera-shot/close camera?) on Antonio, indicating the brisk difference in articulation from self-important to restless, particularly when he nibbles his thumb with a solidified and uncomfortable grin, the watchers are sure that Antonio is profoundly grieved. Once more, this additionally shows the extraordinary fatherly love among Antonio and bassanio!Bassanio is fundamental for the crowd to profoundly comprehend the connection among Shylock and Antonio.When Shylock says, Antonio is a decent man-, Bassanios response shows that great methods ethically great in the Christian culture where as in the Jewish culture, great methods having the option to take care of!, expressing their tremendous contrast both is strict and musings, just as molding the voracious picture of Jews.In the film, Antonio and Shylock don't address each other straight away. Rather, Bassanio is utilized as an association between them, demonstrating their confused relationship-lack of regard, scorn and suspicious.Also, Bassanio interfaces the crowd to the phase by getting their contemplations and sentiments. This were benevolence. Just as the intensed articulation with the profound tone demonstrated intently in the film when Antonio takes the bound. This is all speaking to the crowd. Then again, he additionally lets Antonio completely express his genuine love.

Friday, August 21, 2020

How to Use Your Universitys Career Center to Find a Job

How to Use Your University’s Career Center to Find a Job Do you remember the first time you laid eyes on the university where you will spend four years â€" give or take â€" acquiring knowledge that you will later on use when you venture out into the world and try to make it on your own? Do you still remember the thoughts that ran through your mind at that moment?If that time was too early for you to have a clear recollection of what your impressions were, then maybe you’d have better luck trying to recall the first day that you formally entered a class in that university. What did you think then? At that time, a million thoughts must have raced around in your head. (I know they did in mine!) There’s dread and uncertainty, particularly on what the next several years have in store for you within the portals of the university. There may also be some excitement mixed in there, because you are actually looking forward to the experiences that you will have as you move along.But I bet you couldn’t help but be more forward-looking. No matter how you may claim to be the type to live “in the moment”, and not really one to stress out over what will happen long into the future, I’m pretty sure that a part of you will still be wondering what will happen when your years at the university are up and you finally graduate. Sooner or later, you’re going to have to say goodbye to the university and start being an adult.“Adulting”, in this day and age, has become quite a very popular term, especially among millennials who are using the Internet. It basically means doing grown-up things; American Speech defined it as the act of behaving in an adult manner. You’re said to be adulating if you engage in activities that are clearly associated with adulthood or being a grown up.What are those things? It could be living independently or being on your own. Going away to college, for some, is considered as one of the first steps in adulting. But it could be something “more adult”, which often involves getting your first real job, earning your own money, taking care of your own finances, and basically being responsible for yourself.For college students, especially those who are about to graduate from university, the first real sign that they are adulting is when they get a job.This is where things get a bit tough. We all know that jobs don’t grow on trees; if they did, we’d all be gainfully employed. But there are still those who seem to be on a perpetual job hunt. Once they leave the university, they have to buck up and bravely press forward.But hold up! D oes it mean that, once you graduate, you should completely cut ties with your university, apart from potential alumni activities in the future?You probably could, and a good number of people do but you shouldn’t. In fact, you mustn’t. We’re here to talk about why that is so.And we can sum it up in two words: career centers.EXPLORING THE UNIVERSITY CAREER CENTERI’m willing to bet that a large percentage of university students and graduates are not even aware that they have a university career center.Or, even if they do, they have no clear idea what the university career center is for and what it can do for them. It’s time to shed light on that, don’t you think?What is a Career Center?It goes by several names, some of which you may be familiar with more than just a “career center”. It may be called a “career services office” or even a “career placement office”. Some institutions are more straightforward, dubbing it simply as a “career office”.Universities a nd colleges have a dedicated department, division or office, whose function is to provide a variety of services to help the university’s students â€" both current and alumni â€" to meet their career goals.What does a Career Center do?You’re probably familiar with a guidance counselor and what he does. Back in high school, you’ve probably had a few run-ins with your school’s guidance counselor. It is this impression that sticks to many people’s minds when they hear about career centers and the career counselors that work in them.Well, there are similarities, yes, but throw away any thoughts of a self-righteous and stern counselor. The career counselor is there to provide guidance specifically on your career prospects.The main areas of concern of career centers can be categorized broadly into the following:Career ExplorationWhen you were just a toddler and you first laid eyes on a fireman, you may have decided right there and then that you’ll also be one when you grow up. Don’t they look so cool, wearing their uniforms, riding on those impressive fire trucks like a boss, and looking all strong and heroic when they, say, save a cat trapped inside a sewer or carry a little child from a burning building?And then a couple of years later, when you met your doctor, you probably thought he was the coolest guy ever, and that white coat made him look so smart and powerful. You decided it would be a better idea to become a doctor instead of a fireman.What I’m getting at is this: no matter how you grew up thinking you want to be this, or even deciding that you will become like that in the future, there is no telling how the winds will change. Your decisions, which were probably made mostly based on a child’s whimsy, are bound to change. Most importantly, as you grew older, you realized that there are numerous career options other than being a fireman or a doctor.The problem is that, with so many possibilities, which one is right for you? Which direction s hould you even look into? You want to map out a plan for your future, but where do you even start?That requires some exploration on your part, and you are fully aware that you cannot do it alone. You’d probably enlist the help of your family members and relatives, and even discuss it with your closest friends. Another source of assistance would be your university career center.Career centers will provide you with the resources that you can use to explore the possibly occupations that are worth considering. One of the key features of career centers (aside from having career counselors, that is) is a library or, for those that are more digitally-equipped, databases containing information related to various careers and occupations.Your career exploration will involve discovering the possible jobs or occupations and the industries where they can be found, their respective job descriptions and the corresponding qualifications and other requirements that must be met, and the average ear nings you can expect to get should you choose that path.Often, they will also provide an outlook of the occupations, and this is particularly helpful, especially if you are still in your freshman year, and you are wondering whether the job you are eyeing will still be in demand when you graduate several years later.Career Decision-makingSo you’ve fully explored your options, and you are psyched that there are actually a lot of occupations that interest you, and seem to be a good fit for your personality. You are even confident that you are able to meet the requirements of these occupations.But here’s the rub: there are simply too many of them, and now you are confused as to which one you should go for. You are smart enough to realize that, after spending quite some time exploring your options, choosing one at random completely defeats the purpose of being careful about choosing your career path.Making decisions is no walk in the park. One wrong choice could change the course of your life forever, so you have to make sure you think long and hard about it. The good news is that you won’t have to do the long and hard thinking all by your lonesome, since you can also seek the aid of a career center.Career centers usually have self-assessment tools and career assessment methodologies that will test or evaluate the students in terms of their personalities, interests, values, and other factors that will come into play when it comes to deciding on an occupation or job.You may remember taking an exam back in high school, with the results telling you the possible academic majors that would be ideal for you when you go to college. You will also find those exams, and other similar career-related tests and surveys, being served in university career centers.Take note, however, that the career center will not make the decision for you. It will only provide you with the tools you will need to come up with an informed decision. You can choose to heed what the career coun selor recommends, or you can opt to pursue what you originally set out to do before you approached the career center.At the end of the day, it is up to you to decide which career path to take.Recruitment or PlacementThis is one of the more known services provided by career centers, most likely because this is what most graduates and students are concerned about: how to find a job.These days, you will now find university career centers that actively provide opportunities to connect undergrads and graduates with employers and recruiters, whether through career fairs and networking events or direct job ads.The University of California Berkeley Career Center, for example, features “Handshake”, which it describes as its “fast and powerful recruiting platform for UC Berkeley students and alumni”. It even maintains a Job Search facility in its website, as well as a dedicated page where employers interested to hire UC Berkeley graduates (and undergrads for internships) may do so.Thi s service also covers the stages of the job recruitment process, where they will equip you with tools and tips that will hone your job search skills. In addition, you may also learn how to better present yourself when going to a job interview so you can impress the recruiters or the employers themselves. The career center can even help you write a winning resume and cover letter!We will be discussing these in greater detail as we move along.CAREER CENTER SERVICES TO HELP YOU FIND A JOBMore than just a provider of information, career centers in universities, colleges and other educational institutions have a lot more to offer to undergraduates, post-graduate students, and alumni.I encourage you to do a quick online search and check out the career centers of various universities, so you can get a rough idea on what these offerings are. Special mentions go to the website of UC Berkeley, Colorado State University, the University of Kansas, and the University of Michigan.Career centers e verywhere share the same objective: to help students achieve their goals in their careers, and that has a lot to do with finding a job that will let them establish and nurture a successful career. Sure, they can put it in different words and phrase it differently, but the underlying objective remains the same.This is why you should not declare yourself to be completely done with the university once you have graduated. In fact, even when you’re still in school, earning your degree, it’d be a great idea to start tapping into the offerings of your university’s career center. It’s one of the perks of being part of that educational institution, so you’d definitely be wise to take advantage of it.Now we will look at the services offered by these career centers, and gain an understanding of how they can help pave your way towards the career that you want for yourself in the future.Self-Assessment and EvaluationEverything begins within you, so when you start exploring your options , you should first know yourself. If it’s your first time going to your career center, and your purpose is to find out which career is most suitable for you, you may find yourself bombarded with a lot of tests and survey forms to fill out.Don’t shirk them, because your answers may just be the thing that will tell you which career path is the most ideal for you.You may also find yourself having a casual conversation with a career center staff; technically, that conversation is already a counseling session AND an interview where he will start gathering information about you, such as your interests, preferences, personality, and even your dreams and aspirations.Going in, you may already have a rough idea in your head what you want to be, and how you’d go about it. With the help of a career center, however, that rough idea may become clearer, slowly taking coherent shape, until such time that you are actually looking at a feasible plan for your future, particularly when it comes t o your potential career.Application ProcessingThis covers the steps usually taken by anyone who is going to apply for a job. You’re lucky if your curriculum had courses exclusively dedicated to recruitment processes, preparing you for when you go out there to get a job.These days, most things are done by “looking it up online”. So if you try to search for “how to write your resume” or “how to write a cover letter”, you’re bound to come up with a lot of sources that will teach you how to go about it. Some are good, others are… not so much.There is nothing wrong with taking that route. In fact, there are a lot of reliable sources online for those kinds of things. But there is still a lot of comfort and assurance to be had if you are getting guidance on these things from an expert or trusted authority, on a face-to-face basis.So what type of assistance can you get from a career services office when it comes to undergoing the often long and tedious process of applying for a job?Resume and Cover Letter WritingWait, you might be asking, “isn’t this too basic to be seeking help from a career counselor?” News flash: when it comes to something as important as employment or a career, nothing is too basic or too simple.There should be no room for doing things by half measures; you though you knew everything about writing a cover letter and creating an outstanding resume? Well, you might still learn a thing or two from a career counselor.Maybe you have the technical side of things down pat. What you can get from the career counselors are more tips on how to make your resume more attractive, especially if you do not really have a lot of outstanding credentials. (And if that is the case, believe me when I say that you’d really need all the help you can get!)Job Interview PreparationShort of spending quite a large amount of money and going to a personality development school so you can improve your speaking and interviewing skills, you can actually save that money and go to a career center instead. See if your university’s career center conducts workshops and sessions where you can hone your communication skills, in preparation for going to a job interview.In some cases, career counselors even conduct one-on-one mock job interviews just to give you a taste of what the real thing might be. They may also give you tips on how to answer specific types of questions, what to do, what not to do, even on what to wear and what to avoid taking with you during your interview.On-Campus RecruitmentWhen you visited the university career web pages I cited earlier, you must have noticed that they had job listings on the site, whether they are permanent or temporary, or whether they are full-time or part-time. That is because career centers also conduct on-campus recruiting.On-campus recruitment is the recruitment method where employers will seek potential hires (employees) or interns right within the campus or university premises, targeting the university students.This is a practice mostly conducted by large companies. An excellent example is Google, which has a wide diversity of hiring programs. On average, a campus recruiting season results in more than 20% of new hires into the Google. They also actively seek and invite tech students into their offices for a “real-life experience at a tech company”.How do career centers support campus recruitment? Here are some of the more commonly used techniques:Career fairsA career fair is one of the many events that are organized and conducted by career centers. These events bring students and employers together in one place where they can freely interact and connect.Usually, the setting is quite informal and relaxed. The employers will be presenting the job and internship opportunities in their companies or organizations. If you look at the Spring Semester schedule for 2017 of UC Berkeley, you will find several career and job fairs already scheduled, including a Spring Car eer Fair for Engineering, Business, Public Service and Tech majors, and an Internship and Summer Job Fair for all majors.These career fairs are not limited to undergraduate students only, since career centers may also conduct graduate and professional school fairs, geared towards alumni of the university.Career fairs are perfect venues to find the job you’ve been looking for. But it can be quite confusing, especially when we’re talking about dozens of employers lined up with what look like a flood of job opportunities that might just drown you in confusion. To get the most out of these career fairs, here are some quick tips:Bring multiple copies of your resume. You will be meeting dozens and dozens of potential employers during the Fair, so it doesn’t make sense to bring only one or two copies, does it? Reproduce your resume so you can submit it to as many as you possible.Prepare to be hired. Go there with the mindset that, at the end of the day, you will leave the fair with a job. Or, at least, the potential of getting one. Therefore, you have to come to the Career Fair prepared and ready.Find out beforehand the employers who will be participating in the career fair. The career center will have a list of these employers, as well as some background information on them. But don’t stop there. If you have more time, it won’t hurt to do a little bit more research.Budget your time. You may not have all day to spend at the Career Fair, especially if you have classes in between. Therefore, you have to identify the employers that you are most interested in, so you can prioritize accordingly. You may have to cross some of them out of the list, especially if you are pressed for time and you know you won’t be able to go through all of them within the limited amount of time that you have.Look presentable. Yes, you are still a student, but that is not an excuse to be sloppy and too casual about how you look or dress. It may not be a formal job interview, but it is still going to be an interview about getting a job, so you still have to look business-like, if not presentable. Dress appropriately and comfortably. Try to look neat and put together. Check your personal hygiene.Always put your best foot forward. Be courteous and polite. Speak clearly when making your career pitch. Be friendly but not overly familiar. At the end of the interview, a firm handshake and a thank you will go a long way. You should also ask for his or her card, so you can send a thank you note later on (and also establish contact with the representative and, in turn, the company).Pay attention. You don’t know what you’ll miss if you’re too easily distracted. Take notes, especially when the employer or recruiter is saying something important; it may come in handy later on. Ask questions if there is something you are curious about. This curiosity, when shown properly and at the right time, is bound to make the employers remember you.Employer Information SessionsO ften conducted in conjunction with career fairs, these information sessions are basically forums where the employers conduct a presentation of job opportunities and other relevant information to university students.What makes it slightly different from a career fair is the level of formality. While career fairs are largely informal, these info sessions often require attendees to be in professional attire of “business casual” dress.There are no job interviews conducted here, though. It is mostly for information dissemination, where students can also ask questions directly to the employers. If there is a career fair coming up, and you hear that a company you are interested in interviewing for is having an info session, that is the perfect opportunity to do your “research” on that company, so you’ll be more prepared when the day of the career fair comes.Networking EventsThese events can come in the form of tours and mixers.For example, the CSU Career Center has lined up a ser ies of industry tours, where students who want to work in a specific industry will go on a day tour to various companies or organizations for an opportunity to network and learn more about the industry or field. Examples are tours for the Health and Wellness, Law and Public Service, and Sustainability and Environment Industries.Mixers, on the other hand, are often organized through the collaboration of the Career Center and a company or organization for university students who will get to mix and mingle with actual managers and employers of the company for networking purposes.These networking events could also be between students and alumni, who will then provide valuable tips and insights on career-building. Who knows? You may learn about a wonderful job opportunity from an alumnus during one of these mixers!Credential ManagementDid you know that many career centers also help students manage their credentials? This is especially seen in the case of faculty recommendation letters.Le t’s say, for example, that you need a boost in your application to a specific company, and you know that a letter of recommendation from your former professors is going to provide it, you can request the Career Center to send copies of the letters that they have on your file to that company.Yes, career centers may also maintain these types of files, so when you don’t have copies, you can run to them for help.InternshipsYou might be wondering why we’re including internships here when we’re supposed to be talking about actual, paying jobs. Well, internships are also seen these days as major stepping stones towards a career. In fact, you’ll have greater chances of being hired in a company if you did an internship with them before.Internships are excellent for building your resume while doing a test drive, so to speak. You’re basically going to get a feel of an actual working environment at the same time that you are gaining professional experience. This is also a great way for you to assess whether that is the career path that you really want to continue on.Building a successful career is often a long and difficult process. And it’s not an uphill climb the whole way, either. It is gratifying to know, however, that there are many aids and tools that are in our disposal to let us continue the climb, if only we know where to look.So the next time you’re browsing your university website, or you’re walking on campus and you passed by the Career Services Office, don’t ignore it, especially if you are looking for a job. You won’t know what you’re missing if you do.BEFORE WE GO… OTHER OPTIONS YOU SHOULD CONSIDERYour university’s career center is not the only “aid” that you can get assistance from when it comes to finding a job and getting a jumpstart on your career. There are other options you should utilize, if you want to increase your chances of landing a good job.Professional organizationsIf you belong to a certain profession, there ar e sure to be professional organizations that you can join. Find out what they are and choose which ones are the best to be affiliated with.Being a member of these professional organizations is a good networking move. For one, you are letting everyone know that you do belong in that profession, and you’ve met the requirements and possess the credentials that qualified you for membership.Another thing: professional organizations also make it a point to help their own, so they also have their own job listings and other similar opportunities available, and the first to get wind of these opportunities are the members. Now, will you let that chance slip?Alumni databaseYou already know that, if you want to widen your network, you should connect with alumni, or former students of the university. Not only will they give you valuable advice and tips, but they may also connect you with various companies and other job opportunities. Therefore, make the university’s alumni database work for you.Another way for you to do that is to be included in the alumni database and make sure to keep your data updated. You see, many employers also look into these databases for potential hires, and if you keep your records up to date, you have greater chances of being noticed.What if Google spots you on the database, likes what it sees, calls you up using the number appearing on your file, and end up with the notification that your number is no longer in use because it’s the one you were using two years ago and you’ve changed your number since? That’ll be a crying shame, won’t it?Official introductions to companiesIf there is an opportunity to get an official introduction to a company, then take it. Even if it is not an info session or a mixer, even if it is not coursed through the Career Center, if you see an event where you can be up close and personal with a potential employer, go for it.But wait, you should still be professional about it. And that means, do not gatecrash. Attend only if it is open to anyone interested, or if you could get an invite (using non-nefarious means, if I may add). It may be because you know someone who knows someone in the company, or you could be really brave and directly ask to be invited.If and when you do get the chance, make sure to be on your best and most professional behavior, so you can make a good impression and increase your chances of gaining their favor when you get the opportunity to apply for a job with the company.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Solutions for the Economically Troubled in the United...

With our economy in a downslide and increasing numbers of foreclosures worsening our economic problems, it is obvious that there needs to be some intervention in order to prevent more foreclosures. Home ownership has always been a key portion of the American economy and an integral part of the American dream. We cannot allow the current crisis to let more people lose their homes and become disenchanted about home buying in the future. Not only will the defaults on mortgages further destabilize the American economy now, but they will also cause problems in the years to come as less people decide to venture into home ownership again. Therefore, the obvious solution to these ill repercussions is by keeping people in the homes they†¦show more content†¦This will be enough time, hopefully, for these homeowners to get their finances in order and resume paying their debts once again. As a mortgage payment is often one of the greatest debts of a household, the removal of this bu rden for six months will be a godsend to these troubled homeowners. In the meantime, banks will not be worried about their most troubled mortgages. They will be getting paid on nearly all their mortgages, either from responsible, financially secure homeowners who pay their debts on time every month, or from the government on the behalf of the troubled household. After the six months are over, there is a much higher probability that they will be paid on those troubled mortgages by the homeowners themselves, who have had six months to save thousands of dollars to pay towards their mortgages. As a result, the income of the banks will be much more secure, and they are more likely to lend out money to consumers. This will enable consumers to buy homes again--including some of the bank-owned properties that have been plaguing financial institutions for months. This cyclical effect will make the banks even more stable, and enable them to lend even more, helping out both consumers and financial institutions in turn. While this plan may seem like it has an enormous price tag for the federal government, its real cost will be much less than it may seem at theShow MoreRelatedThe Port Huron Statement Of The Students For A Democratic Society1118 Words   |  5 Pageswith American politics and economics, and provided possible solutions to these pressing issues. The statement is meant to inform society, and create an ongoing discussion between citizens, students, and elite members to construct a free and equal democracy. The Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) acknowledges that the world is ever changing by including that the statement is â€Å"a living document open to change.† Similar to the SDS, the United Students Against Sweatshops aims to improve quality of lifeRead MoreCountry Information : South Sudan1527 Words   |  7 PagesThe nation is also troubled by a substantial amount of debt and is heavily dependent on foreign nations for aid. After its lib eration from Sudan in July 2011, the muddled nation of South Sudan plummeted into crisis amidst a power conflict between the president and his deputy. Combats between belligerent rebel factions and government troops broke out which killed thousands and impelled 800,000 to flee their homes. The economy was impaired severely. Since then, the undeveloped state continues to attainRead MoreThe Rise Of The West1705 Words   |  7 Pagesmovements that affected the world we live in today; the rise of the West, the rise of the United States of America, and the rise of the rest. The rise of the west was from the fifteenth century until the eighteenth century. It comprised of the Christian transformation, scientific revolution , and the industrial revolution. In the Christian Reformation, there was a detachment amongst chapel and state. Common state was demanded which is the point at which the administration does not have an associationRead MoreIllegal Immigration Is A Problem That Affects Th e United States2334 Words   |  10 PagesIllegal immigration is a problem that affects the Southwest United States of America in many different ways that needs to be handled in a strict but reasonable manner. Ever since president Barrack Obama first went into office, immigration has been one of his top priorities. But over time, neither the Republicans nor the Democrats were able to come to a compromise on the issue. â€Å"The political debate over illegal immigration has been a roller coaster ride ever since it was brought up in 2007† (MarcovitzRead MoreThe Board Of Overseers, Ladies And Gentlemen Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pagescomplexity that the very mass of facts presented to the public by press and radio make it exceedingly difficult for the man in the street to reach a clear appraisement of the situation. Furthermore, the people of this country are distant from the troubled areas of the earth, and it is hard for them to comprehend the plight and consequent reactions of the long-suffering peoples of Europe and the effect of those reactions on their governments in connection with our efforts to promote peace in the worldRead MoreThe Eisenhower Doctrine Of The Middle East1587 Words   |  7 Pages The Eisenhower Doctrine in the Middle East Mahmoud Mseddi History Society L2G1 Mediterranean School of Business November 29, 2015 â€Æ' The Eisenhower Doctrine in the Middle East Dwight David Ike Eisenhower was the 34th president of the United States of America and was in office from 1953 until 1961. His presidency can be considered as a bumpy but remarkable road from the foreign affairs side. Taking over the office during the cold war, he fiercely protected his country and his allies againstRead MoreI Am Profoundly Grateful : Touched By The Great Honors Essay1462 Words   |  6 Pagescomplexity that the very mass of facts presented to the public by press and radio make it exceedingly difficult for the man in the street to reach a clear appraisement of the situation. Furthermore, the people of this country are distant from the troubled areas of the earth, and it is hard for them to comprehend the plight and consequent reactions of the long-suffering peoples of Europe and the effect of those reactions on their governments in connection with our efforts to promote peace in the worldRead MoreIs a Common Currency in Europe Sustainable? Essay1701 Words   |   7 Pagesheights, and governments are unable to budget their future outlays. Austerity is often proposed as a means to allow these troubled governments to pay back their debts in the future, but many question whether it can truly lead to growth. The breakup of the Eurozone, while very possible, threatens to spread financial instability to other European nations and even the United States. Originally designed to ensure financial stability, the common currency area appears to restrain policymakers both fiscallyRead MoreBehavioral Health Center Is The State Of Ohio And Provides Physical, Mental, Spiritual, And Emotional Wellbeing1941 Words   |  8 PagesBehavioral Health Center is Columbus, the state of Ohio and provides physical, mental, spiritual, and emotional wellbeing among families and troubled youth. The organization has been committed to providing help to children in need and is always dedicated to the healing and renewing of youths who have been troubled or abused. It does all these through offering unconditional acceptance, treatment, education, counseling, and hope with regard to the urgent need of the troubled or abused youths. This institutionRead MoreEssay about How to Solve the Foreclosure Crisis1588 Words   |  7 PagesForeclosed homes have become a menacing commonality in nearly every neighborhood in the United States. These foreclosed properties problems range from unkempt yards, broken doors and windows, as well as becoming dangerous havens for drugs and violent acts of vandalism. In addition, empty foreclosed homes drive down property values of surrounding homes and neighborhoods. Many of these homes became foreclosures because the buyers could not afford the payments. This inadvertently ruins not only

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Listicle - Definition and Examples of Listicles

Listicle is an informal term for an article made up of a series of facts, tips, quotations, or examples organized around a particular theme. Listicles, which may be numbered or bulleted, are particularly common in blogs and other online articles. Listicle is a blend (or portmanteau) of the words list and article. Examples and Observations on Listicles Something had happened to my brain during my long tenure at womens magazines. I wasnt sure if it was because my mind moved a million clicks faster than my mouth could keep up, or if I had edited one ​listicle, charticle, gridicle and relationship quiz too many. But I had developed a bizarre inability to speak before higher-ups without stuttering, which the creative director eulogized in a drawing of me with a stream of Er, ah, duh, durs coming out of my mouth.(Jessie Knadler, Rurally Screwed: My Life Off the Grid With the Cowboy I Love. Berkley Books, 2012)[H]is digressive narrative--which sometimes makes use of self-amused listicles--seems suspiciously influenced by styles that are popular on the digital platforms he inveighs against.(Review in The New Yorker [January 21, 2013] of The Missing Link by Philip Hensher)When Beyoncà ©s publicist emailed Buzzfeed earlier this week to ask that they kindly remove some unflattering photos of her client that were included in a listicl e of The 33 Fiercest Moments From Beyoncà ©s Halftime Show, little did she know that the Internet doesnt quite work that way.In fact, thats the exact opposite of the way in which the Internet works.Now, thanks to an unforgiving Internet phenomenon known as the Streisand Effect, those photos are not only everywhere--theyve become a full-fledged meme.(Neetzan Zimmerman, Beyoncà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Publicist Asks Internet to Remove Unflattering Beyoncà © Photos; Internet Turns Unflattering Beyoncà © Photos Into a Meme. Gawker, February 7, 2013) Writing for Readers With Short Attention Spans Editors at many newspapers and magazines welcome list articles because these features can be expanded or reduced as space allows. More important, list articles make great cover lines that motivate readers to buy magazines. When we put lists on the cover, our newsstand sales go up, said Mens Health editor David Zinczenko in a televised interview about the power of lists. In his blog, Zinczenko offers lists that inform readers on timely topics: the six worst foods to eat at the movies, the eight ultimate flat-belly summer foods and the six things your dad wants for fathers day. Lists are perfect for guys with short attention spans, jokes Zinczenko....List articles usually follow a two-part formula. First, you need an introductory paragraph that sets up the article by explaining the purpose of the list. Since these articles are straightforward, the introduction should be brief and to the point. Second the list is presented in either a bulleted or a numbered format. . . .Although list ar ticles seem simple to write, most of them require research.(David E. Sumner and Holly G. Miller, Feature and Magazine Writing: Action, Angle and Anecdotes, 2nd ed. Blackwell, 2009) The Appeal of the Listicle The list--or, more specifically, the listicle--extends a promise of the definitive while necessarily revealing that no such promise could ever be fulfilled. It arises out of a desire to impose order on a life, a culture, a society, a difficult matter, a vast and teeming panorama of cat adorability and nineties nostalgia. . . .The rise of the listicle obviously connects with the Internet’s much-discussed effect on our ability (or desire) to sit still and concentrate on one thing for longer than ninety seconds. Contemporary media culture prioritizes the smart take, the sound bite, the takeaway--and the list is the takeaway in its most convenient form. But even when the list, or the listicle, has nothing really to do with useful information, it still exerts an occult force on our attention—or on my attention, at any rate. (34 Things That Will Make ’90s Girls Feel Old. 19 Facts Only a Greek in the U.K. Can Understand. 21 Kinds of Offal, Ranked By How Gross They Look. ) Like many of you, I am more inclined to click on links to articles that don’t reflect my interests if they happen to be in the form of countdowns. And I suspect my sheep-like behavior has something to do with the passive construction of that last sentence. The list is an oddly submissive reading experience. You are, initially, sucked in by the promise of a neatly quantified serving of information or diversion. . . . Once you’ve begun reading, a strange magnetism of the pointless asserts itself.(Marc OConnell, 10 Paragraphs About Lists You Need in Your Life Right Now. The New Yorker, August 29, 2013)Despite the growing derision of listicles . . ., numbered lists--a venerable media format--have become one of the most ubiquitous ways to package content on the Web. Why do we find them so appealing?The article-as-numbered-list has several features that make it inherently captivating: the headline catches our eye in a stream of content; it positions its subject within a pr eà «xisting category and classification system, like talented animals; it spatially organizes the information; and it promises a story that’s finite, whose length has been quantified upfront. Together, these create an easy reading experience, in which the mental heavy lifting of conceptualization, categorization, and analysis is completed well in advance of actual consumption--a bit like sipping green juice instead of munching on a bundle of kale. And there’s little that our brains crave more than effortlessly acquired data. . . .But the list’s deepest appeal, and the source of its staying power, goes beyond the fact that it feels good. . . . Within the context of a Web page or Facebook stream, with their many choices, a list is the easy pick, in part because it promises a definite ending: we think we know what we’re in for, and the certainty is both alluring and reassuring. The more we know about something--including precisely how much time it will cons ume--the greater the chance we will commit to it.(Maria Konnikova, A List of Reasons Why Our Brains Love Lists. The New Yorker, December 2, 2013)

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

What we Talk About When We Talk about Love by Raymond Carver

Love The story started with a group of four people drinking gin in a room. The first man to say the first word was Herb. Herb was a cardiologist his specialty was the heart. He started talking about the value of love. â€Å"Love is somewhat spiritual or agape in nature,† (1) He said. Herb also thought that the real love was nothing less than spiritual love. Herb’s idea of love was totally different with his wife’s idea of love. Terri was another member from the group. She told her friends that she had come out of an abusive relationship that she still claims her ex, Carl. Carl was a suicidal, violent, and emotionally individual. He loved her that much that Herb thought her beliefs of love were crazy if she thought being beat and dragged around what people call love. Carver shows a huge amount of experiences. For example, the impact of our beliefs and definitions on things that many people experience every day. The story shows how love impacts a person’s behavior and what they begin to accept in these kinds of situations. Terri shares her experience with her mistreat ex-husband. Her ex-husband’s name was Carl he was a badly person with her. But no matter what he was doing Terri still believed Carl loved her because he said he did and other actions besides the mistreated from him to her, and that made her believe he did. She did not even reply to him saying, â€Å"I love you, don’t you see? I love you, bitch† (2) as he pulls her across the entire house. â€Å"People are totallyShow MoreRelated What We Talk About When We Talk About Love by Raymond Carver968 Words   |  4 PagesWhat We Talk About When We Talk About Love by Raymond Carver The short story What We Talk About When We Talk About Love, by Raymond Carver, is about two married couples drinking gin and having a talk about the nature of love. The conversation is a little sloppy, and the characters make some comments which could either be meaningless because of excessive alcohol in the bloodstream, or could be the characters true feelings because of excessive alcohol in the bloodstream. Overall, the author usesRead MoreEssay about Raymond Carver (what We Talk About When We Talk About Love)892 Words   |  4 Pages Mel McGinnis of â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love† seems like that one guy that everyone seems to know. He stands out from others; he’s unique. You either love him or hate him. Mel is very much like one of my good friends. They are both very individualistic and hey are both annoying drunks. They are both interesting characters though. I think the author Raymond Carver created the character Mel based off someone he knew. Carver created Mel for one reason or anotherRead MoreWhat We Talking About When We Talk About Love By Raymond Carver1677 Words   |  7 PagesLove can be defined in many ways, but does anyone know the true meaning of it? In Raymond Carver’s short-story What We Talk About When We Talk About Love, he shows us the realism behind the true meaning of love with a menacing tone. This story particularly shows how different people may have different definitions of it that reflect who they are as a person by using strangle dialogue given by the characters and situations that reveal symbolic items. From the ironic remarks and slight rebuttals inRead More`` What We Talk About When We Talking About Love `` By Raymond Carver2397 Words   |  10 PagesWhat is love? Love can come from that of a friendship, a romantic relationship, the unconditional love that God has for one, or simply one person adoring another. These are all considered, in one form or another, love. Ho wever, as Mel McGinnis has asked: â€Å"what do any of us really know about love?† (333). Is love real, or is it just a figment of our imagination? What does the word LOVE even mean? The indefinability of love is the overlaying theme in the story â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk AboutRead MoreWhat I Am About When We Talk About Love By Raymond Carver Essay1464 Words   |  6 PagesLove is a commonly misinterpreted concept that is many times taken for granted and unsurprisingly difficult to thoroughly comprehend. Love is an intangible conception and a condition of the mind that allows one to transcend emotional barriers between one another. In Raymond Carver’s short-story â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love†, love is illustrated in several different ways to provide insight on the various forms of love and how they transcend these emotional barriers. Love comes inRead MoreThe Sojourner And What We Talking About When We Talk About Love By Carson Mccullers And Raymond Carver1291 Words   |  6 PagesIn the short stories title The Sojourner and What We Talk About When We Talk About Love, written by Carson McCullers and Raymond Carver respectively, the writers tell a story about love and its changing attitudes. The main characters in these stories all vary in regard to their personalities and their individual idiosyncrasies, however, the message being conveyed by McCullers and Carver is that of the changing nature of love, and how it can impact an individual’s sense of self in respect to how oneRead MoreRaymond Carver1583 Words   |  7 PagesRaymond Carver (1938-1988) was a poet and a simple realist writer of short stories. His prose addresses the average working-class citizen. Bill Mullen describes the book that contains the short story â€Å"What We Talk About We Talk About Love† to the â€Å"distinctly post-mode rn fate of contemporary working-class Americans† (Bloom). The writings are depressing and riddled with failures in life. The textbook calls his school of writing â€Å"Alcoholic Blue-Collar Minimalist Hyperrealism† (Bayam). This is evidentRead MoreImportance of Symbolism in What We Talk About When We Talk About Love1027 Words   |  5 Pagesmake. What We Talk About When We Talk About Love is a short story about four friends trying to find the true meaning of love, trying to prove points through experience. In What We Talk About When We Talk About Love, Raymond Carver uses very strong symbolism to help convey the theme of the story. Instantly, it is easy to recognize that Carvers story will be one on love, since the title clearly mentions it. He introduces the characters, two married couples, who are having a discussion about loveRead MoreWhat We Talk About When We Talk About Love807 Words   |  4 PagesWhat We Talk About When We Talk About Love After analyzing Raymond Carver’s â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love,† it is easy to see that there are several different ideas concerning true love that the characters in the story are in dispute over. Terri’s idea of real love is the most valid out of the group at the table. All of the members of the group are rather confused as to what real love is. Terri is included as one of the confused. However, I believe that she is the closest to understandingRead MoreThe Most Important American Fiction Writer1661 Words   |  7 PagesRaymond Carver has been called â€Å"the most important American fiction writer in the second half of the twentieth century† and â€Å"the most influential American short story writer since Ernest Hemingway† (Kleepe vii). He was very successful despite his many difficult life experiences. Carver grew up during a very difficult time in America. However, early on, Carver and his wife believed their hard work would eventually pay off despite the challenges in the world around them. They thought it would fix almost

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Computer-Mediated Communication free essay sample

Computers and electronic networks have revolutionized communication. Computer- mediated communication (CMC) was initially seen as a tool for accessing information, but it has quickly become an integral tool for human interaction (Beebe, Beebe, Redmond, 2008, 358). Without having to bother with stamps, envelopes, and the delay in postal mail or snail mail as it is more commonly referred too, millions of people have interacted via e-mail and continue to do so. Using computers we are able to reach the entire world without moving out from our homes. We are also apable of starting computer-mediated communication with strange and new people in chat rooms and dating services without feeling emotionally and physically uncomfortable or stressed. Long-distance collaboration is a fact of life for an increasing number of workers. More relationships are being formed and maintained online than ever before, including supplier/purchaser relationships, student-teacher relationships, and even collaboration between employees of the same company. We will write a custom essay sample on Computer-Mediated Communication or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page More relationships are being enhanced by CMC and contributing to face-to-face relationships. As we meet people we often send out a friend request via Facebook to keep in touch whereas we previously may have exchanged numbers but might not have utilized them. With Facebook, Myspace and Twitter, we are communicating more with one another and getting a chance to know people further through these mediums and deciding if we want to pursue relationships whether for friendship or dating. Our social network is enhanced by the convenience that text messaging, email (Beebe, Beebe, Redmond, 2008, 365) and social networks provide. On the other hand, computer-mediated interaction can isolate us from the real world f we as individuals allow it. Internet addiction.. is a phrase used to describe the dark side of Internet use: devoting endless hours to surfing the Net, interacting in chat rooms, or gaming (Beebe, Beebe, Redmond, 2008, 367). It brings us to the cyber space where truth and reality can be created by someone. It increases the probability of incorrect and fake information. It can create some aspects of cultural misunderstandings and emotional distress because of greater self-disclosure. Unlike face-to-face or audio communication, the medium in Computer-Mediated Communication is primarily textual. There are no nonverbal cues to embellish meaning or social context cues regarding gender, age, or status. Not only can the absence of cues hamper communication efficiency, but it seems to create a semblance of anonymity and lack of awareness of the social context. These conditions, in turn, have been held responsible for a perceived higher incidence of rude, offensive, and uninhibited behavior. Reference: Beebe, S. A. , Beebe, S. J. , and Redmond, M. V. (2008). Interpersonal Communication: Relating to Others (5th edition). Boston: Pearson Computer-Mediated Communication By candlel

Monday, April 6, 2020

Investigating the affect of concentration on the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid Essay Example

Investigating the affect of concentration on the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid Essay In this investigation I will be measuring the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid. The rate of a reaction tells us how quickly a chemical reaction happens. Reaction Rate = change in volume, mass or concentration of substance Time taken There are two ways to measure the rate of a reaction, by observing how quickly the reactants are used up or by observing how quickly the products are formed. Measurements of the rate of reaction can be taken in three main ways: We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating the affect of concentration on the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating the affect of concentration on the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating the affect of concentration on the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer * Measuring the rate of precipitation * Measuring the volume of gas * Measuring the change in mass The results gained from these experiments can be drawn on a graph, which enables the rate of reaction to be worked out. In a chemical reaction atoms are rearranged. In order for a reaction to occur the molecules must collide by coming together. However not all collisions are effective. This is because in gases and liquids, particles are constantly moving causing millions and millions of collisions every second. If there were a reaction every time molecules collided all chemical reactions would only take a few seconds. This is why only a small fraction of the collisions between the particles have an effect. When particles collide head on and are fast moving a reaction occurs. This is because if collisions between particles have enough energy a reaction will occur. In gases, liquids and in solution, the particles move at a range of speeds. Some are moving very slowly and others are moving very fast. To react, particles must collide with enough energy and in the correct orientation for bonds to be broken. This is because for a chemical reaction to take place, some bonds in the reactants must be broken. In a chemical reaction if the activation energy is low many of the collisions will have enough energy so the reaction will be fast whilst if the activation energy is high fewer collisions will have enough energy so the reaction will be slower. The activation energy for a reaction is the minimum energy needed for a reaction to occur. You can show this on an energy profile for the reaction. For a simple exothermic reaction, the energy profile looks like this: When magnesium powder and dilute hydrochloric acid are mixed together a reaction occurs. This reaction is exothermic meaning heat is given off. Magnesium + Hydrochloric Magnesium + Hydrogen + Energy Acid Chloride Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) + Energy The rate of this reaction can be changed by varying the conditions in which the reaction occurs. The factors that affect the rate of reaction are: * Surface area * Temperature * Presence of a catalyst * Concentration/pressure if gaseous The surface area of the solid reactants can be changed which has a big effect on the rate of reaction. For example magnesium powder will react faster with hydrochloric acid than magnesium ribbon. This is because although the same mass is used the powder has a larger surface area. This means that more particles are exposed to the acid so there is a greater chance of collisions and the more collisions in a given time the greater the rate of reaction. This is illustrated in the diagram below. If the same mass of magnesium ribbon was used the reaction would be slower because of the smaller surface area. Only the outside of the ribbon is in contact with the acid particles so to begin with only the outside of the ribbon will react. The magnesium particles inside the ribbon can only react when the outside particles have reacted; this is because they do not come in contact with the acid until this point. Therefore as you increase the surface area you increase the rate of reaction. A simple graph of the affect of surface area on the rate of reaction is shown below. An increase in temperature will increase the rate of reaction. The kinetic energy of particles is proportional to the temperature. Particles will have more kinetic energy at higher temperatures. This causes them to move faster which means that the collisions will be more frequent between particles in any moment in time. Also they collide more energetically and therefore there is more chance of collisions with energy equal to or greater than the activation energy and so more collisions will cause a reaction. A graph showing the affect of temperature on the rate of reaction is shown below. Another way to show the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction is to use a Maxwell-Boltzmann curve. A simple curve is shown below. As you increase the temperature the particles will move faster as they will have more energy, however not all the particles in a substance will move at the same speed. As the temperature has been increased there will be more particles with an energy level equal to or greater than the activation energy and therefore more collisions will bring about a reaction. This affect of the increase in temperature on the number of molecules with energy equal to or greater than the activation energy is shown below. A catalyst is a substance which alters the rate of a reaction without itself being used up or changed chemically during the reaction. Most catalysts reduce the activation energy and so increase the rate of reaction. A catalyst provides an alternative path for a reaction with a lower activation energy. This means that there will be more particles with an energy equal to or greater than the activation energy. Therefore there will be more collisions in which the particles react and so the rate of reaction will have increased. Enzymes also have this affect as they are biological catalysts. Two graphs are shown below one showing the affect of a catalyst on the activation energy and on the rate of reaction. Many reactions involve catalysts, some examples are shown below. Reaction Catalyst Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide manganese(IV) oxide, MnO2 Nitration of benzene concentrated sulphuric acid Manufacture of ammonia by the Haber Process iron Conversion of SO2 into SO3 during the Contact Process to make sulphuric acid vanadium(V) oxide, V2O5 Hydrogenation of a C=C double bond nickel Increasing the concentration of a reagent increases the number of particles in a given volume; this increases the rate of reaction. This is due to the fact that there are more reactant particles in solution and therefore collisions will be more frequent so there is more chance of collisions with energy greater than or equal to the activation energy. Collisions are only effective if they have energy equal to or greater than the activation energy. The activation energy is the minimum amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur. This is because in order for particles to react they must collide with enough energy and in the correct orientation for bonds to be broken. This is because for a chemical reaction to take place, some bonds in the reactants must be broken. This is shown in the diagrams below. When a reaction first begins there is a high concentration of reactant particles. There are more collisions between the particles and so the rate of reaction is greatest at the beginning of a reaction. As there are more collisions there will be more collisions with an energy equal to or greater than the activation energy so the rate of reaction will be faster at the beginning of a reaction. However as a reaction continues the concentration of reactant particles decreases as they have already reacted. This causes the rate of reaction to decrease. This is because there will be less collisions so there will be fewer collisions with an energy greater than or equal to the activation energy causing the rate of reaction to decrease and eventually be 0 when the reaction stops. The reaction will finish when either of the reactants have run out. This pattern is shown on the graphs on the following page. The rate of reaction at a particular point can be worked out by drawing a graph of the results. This is done by drawing a tangent at the chosen time as shown in the diagram opposite. The next step is to draw a right-angled triangle from the tangent as shown in the diagram opposite. The gradient of the tangent can be worked out using the following formula, Gradient = opposite Adjacent You can show the decrease in the rate of reaction at the end of a reaction by drawing a tangent at both the beginning and end of the reaction. This will allow you to compare the rate of reaction at the beginning and end of the reaction. Variables The factors that affect the rate of reaction are: * Surface Area * Concentration * Presence of a catalyst * Temperature I will be varying the concentration of the hydrochloric acid. The concentrations I will be using are, 0.8M, 1.0M, 1.2M, 1.4M, 1.6M. Preliminary Work When carrying out preliminary work I used the highest and lowest concentrations available in order to find a suitable mass of magnesium and volume of hydrochloric acid. This enabled me to see if the reaction was going too fast or too slow to be recorded. This helped me in choosing a suitable mass and volume. Using the highest and lowest concentration also allowed me to make sure that all of the concentrations will react at a reasonable rate. Method 1. Measure out 25ml of 0.8M hydrochloric acid using a 25ml measuring cylinder. Pour the acid into a 100ml beaker. 2. Place the boat on the balance and tare the balance. Add 0.2g of magnesium powder using a spatula. 3. Place the beaker with acid and the boat with magnesium on the balance and tare it. 4. Pour the magnesium powder into the beaker of hydrochloric acid and put the empty boat back on the balance. Start the stopwatch at the same time as the magnesium is added. 5. Record the mass loss every 15 seconds and record results in a table. Results Mass of magnesium = 0.2g Concentration of acid = 0.8M Volume of acid = 25ml Time (s) Mass loss (g) 0 0.00 15 0.08 30 0.14 45 0.17 60 0.21 75 0.23 90 0.25 105 0.27 120 0.29 135 0.30 150 0.31 165 0.33 180 0.33 I have used magnesium powder not magnesium ribbon because the magnesium powder has a greater surface area which will mean that less magnesium will need to be used in order for it to react at a reasonable rate. After looking at the results for the 0.8M acid with 0.2g of magnesium and 25ml of acid I have found that the reaction was too fast too record. I reduced the mass to 0.1g to see if this was a suitable mass. This should reduce the rate of reaction as there are less reactant particles so less collisions. Method 1. Measure out 25ml of 0.8M hydrochloric acid using a 25ml measuring cylinder. Pour the acid into a 100ml beaker. 2. Place the boat on the balance and tare the balance. Add 0.1g of magnesium powder using a spatula. 3. Place the beaker with acid and the boat with magnesium on the balance and tare it. 4. Pour the magnesium powder into the beaker of hydrochloric acid and put the empty boat back on the balance. Start the stopwatch at the same time as the magnesium is added. 5. Record the mass loss every 15 seconds and record the results in a table. Results Mass of magnesium = 0.1g Concentration of acid = 0.8M Volume of acid = 25ml Time (s) Mass loss (g) 0 0.00 15 0.07 30 0.10 45 0.11 60 0.14 75 0.15 90 0.16 105 0.16 120 0.17 135 0.17 150 0.17 165 0.17 180 0.17 The results of this experiment show that the reaction is still quite fast. To solve this problem I have reduced the volume of acid to 15ml as this will reduce the rate of reaction as there are less reactant particles so less collisions. I also decided to record the mass loss every 5 seconds not 15 seconds and this will make my results more accurate and will allow me to plot a better graph. Method 1. Measure out 15ml of 0.8M hydrochloric acid using a 25ml measuring cylinder. Pour the acid into a 100ml beaker. 2. Place the boat on the balance and tare the balance. Add 0.1g of magnesium powder using a spatula. 3. Place the beaker with acid and the boat with magnesium on the balance and tare it. 4. Pour the magnesium powder into the beaker of hydrochloric acid and put the empty boat back on the balance. Start the stopwatch at the same time as the magnesium is added. 5. Record the mass loss every 5 seconds and record the results in a table. Results Mass of magnesium = 0.1g Concentration of acid = 0.8M Volume of acid = 15ml Time (s) Mass loss (g) 0 0.00 5 0.05 10 0.10 15 0.10 20 0.11 25 0.12 30 0.13 35 0.14 40 0.15 45 0.16 50 0.17 55 0.17 60 0.18 65 0.18 70 0.20 75 0.20 80 0.21 85 0.21 90 0.22 95 0.23 100 0.23 105 0.23 110 0.23 115 0.23 120 0.23 This reaction seemed to work well so I have repeated the experiment using acid of concentration 1.6M. I have done this in order to check that the mass and volumes chosen are suitable for all the concentrations. I need to ensure that the reaction will not be too fast or too slow to record. Results Mass of magnesium = 0.1g Concentration of acid = 1.6M Volume of acid = 15ml Time (s) Mass loss (g) 0 0.00 5 0.19 10 0.20 15 0.23 20 0.24 25 0.26 30 0.27 35 0.28 40 0.29 45 0.30 50 0.30 55 0.30 60 0.30 65 0.30 70 0.30 75 0.30 These results show that the volume of acid and mass of magnesium are suitable as both the highest and lowest concentrations will react and neither reacts too quickly or too slowly. I have decided to use 0.1g of magnesium powder and 15ml of hydrochloric acid. I will be recording the mass loss every 5 seconds. Fair Test The test will be fair because I will only be changing the concentration of hydrochloric acid. I will use: * The same volume of acid * The same mass of magnesium * The same temperature of acid (room temperature) * The same surface area of magnesium * No catalyst * The same sized beaker Prediction I predict that as the concentration increases the rate of reaction will increase. This is because the more concentrated the acid is the more particles there are in a particular volume. As there is a greater number of particles there will be more frequent collisions so there is more likely to be a collision between particles that have energy equal to or greater than the activation energy. A graph showing the activation energy is shown below. In order for the particles to react they must have energy equal to or greater than the activation energy. They must collide with enough energy and in the correct orientation in order for a reaction to occur. A higher concentration of acid will cause the reaction to be faster because there will be more collisions that cause a reaction. This is shown in the diagrams below. As there are more particles there will be more productive collisions. Safety When carrying out the experiment I need to wear safety spectacles and make sure that no equipment is near the edge of the table. Hydrochloric acid is corrosive and causes burns so I must wear eye protection. Hydrochloric acid is also dangerous with magnesium so I need to make sure I only use low concentrations of acid and a small volume of acid. Powdered magnesium is dangerous with acid because of the large surface area so I will use a small mass of magnesium. The gas produced in the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is hydrogen, which is a highly flammable gas. Therefore I must only use small quantities of magnesium and hydrochloric acid so ensure that less hydrogen is released. Apparatus 1 x boat 1 x spatula 1 x balance 1 x 25ml measuring cylinder 1 x beaker (100ml) 1 x stop watch Magnesium Powder Hydrochloric Acid of concentration 0.8M, 1.0M, 1.2M, 1.4M, 1.6M Method 1. Set up apparatus as shown in the diagram opposite 2. Measure out 15ml of 0.8M hydrochloric acid using a 25ml measuring cylinder. Pour the acid into a 100ml beaker. 3. Place the boat on the balance and tare the balance. Add 0.1g of magnesium powder using a spatula. 4. Place the beaker with acid and the boat with magnesium on the balance and tare it. 5. Pour the magnesium powder into the beaker of hydrochloric acid and put the empty boat back on the balance. Start the stopwatch at the same time as the magnesium is added. 6. Record the mass loss every 5 seconds and record the results in a table. 7. Repeat steps 1 to 6 with concentrations 1.0M, 1.2M, 1.4M and 1.6M 8. Repeat steps 1 to 7 twice more to make results more reliable and find the average mass loss at each time for each concentration. Mass loss (g) Time (s) Try 1 Try 2 Try 3 Average 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.04 10 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 15 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 20 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 25 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.09 30 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 35 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.11 40 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.12 45 0.12 0.11 0.13 0.12 50 0.13 0.12 0.14 0.13 55 0.13 0.12 0.14 0.13 60 0.14 0.13 0.14 0.14 65 0.14 0.13 0.15 0.14 70 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.15 75 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.15 80 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.15 85 0.15 0.14 0.17 0.15 90 0.15 0.14 0.18 0.16 95 0.15 0.14 0.18 0.16 100 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.16 105 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.16 110 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.16 115 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.16 120 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.16 125 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.16 130 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.16 135 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.16 140 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.16 Results for 0.8M Mass loss (g) Time (s) Try 1 Try 2 Try 3 Average 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.05 10 0.09 0.07 0.08 0.08 15 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.10 20 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.11 25 0.13 0.10 0.13 0.12 30 0.14 0.12 0.14 0.13 35 0.14 0.12 0.14 0.13 40 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 45 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 50 0.16 0.14 0.15 0.15 55 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 60 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 65 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 70 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 75 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 80 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 85 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 90 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 95 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 100 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 105 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 110 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 115 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 120 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 125 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 130 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 135 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 140 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 Results for 1.0M Mass loss (g) Time (s) Try 1 Try 2 Try 3 Average 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.07 10 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.10 15 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.12 20 0.12 0.14 0.13 0.13 25 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.13 30 0.13 0.15 0.14 0.14 35 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 40 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 45 0.15 0.16 0.15 0.15 50 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 55 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 60 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.16 65 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 70 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 75 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 80 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 85 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 90 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 95 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 100 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 105 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 110 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 115 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 120 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 125 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 130 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 135 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 140 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 Results for 1.2M Mass loss (g) Time (s) Try 1 Try 2 Try 3 Average 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0.11 0.08 0.09 0.09 10 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.11 15 0.13 0.11 0.14 0.13 20 0.14 0.12 0.15 0.14 25 0.15 0.13 0.15 0.14 30 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.15 35 0.15 0.14 0.16 0.15 40 0.16 0.15 0.16 0.16 45 0.16 0.15 0.17 0.16 50 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.17 55 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.17 60 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 65 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 70 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 75 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 80 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 85 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 90 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 95 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 100 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 105 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 110 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 115 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 120 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 125 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 130 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 135 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 140 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 Results for 1.4M Mass loss (g) Time (s) Try 1 Try 2 Try 3 Average 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0.12 0.11 0.13 0.12 10 0.13 0.12 0.14 0.13 15 0.15 0.13 0.15 0.14 20 0.16 0.14 0.16 0.15 25 0.16 0.14 0.16 0.15 30 0.17 0.15 0.16 0.16 35 0.17 0.15 0.17 0.16 40 0.18 0.15 0.17 0.17 45 0.18 0.16 0.18 0.17 50 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 55 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 60 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 65 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 70 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 75 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 80 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 85 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 90 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 95 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 100 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 105 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 110 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 115 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 120 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 125 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 130 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 135 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 140 0.18 0.17 0.19 0.18 Results for 1.6M Conclusion The results tables show that when using the 0.8M acid after 10 seconds the average mass loss was 0.06g. After 100 seconds there was an average mass loss of 0.16g. When using the 1.0M acid after 10 seconds the average mass loss was 0.08g. After 100 seconds there was an average mass loss of 0.17g. When using the 1.2M acid after 10 seconds the average mass loss was 0.10g. After 100 seconds there was an average mass loss of 0.17g. When using the 1.4M acid after 10 seconds the average mass loss was 0.11g. After 100 seconds there was an average mass loss of 0.18g. When using the 1.6M acid after 10 seconds the average mass loss was 0.13g. After 100 seconds there was an average mass loss of 0.18g. I have drawn a graph of the results showing the mass loss against time for 0.8M, 1.0M, 1.2M, 1.4M, 1.6M acid. I have plotted the points and drawn a line of best fit for each concentration. This has allowed me to work out the rate of reaction at certain times by finding the gradient of the line at this point. The equation I have used for this is: Gradient = opposite Adjacent I have found that when using the 0.8M acid at 5 seconds the rate of reaction was 0.0054gs-1. When using 1.0M acid at 5 seconds the rate of reaction was 0.0067gs-1. When using 1.2M acid at 5 seconds the rate of reaction was 0.0085gs-1. When using 1.4M acid at 5 seconds the rate of reaction was 0.0092gs-1. When using 1.6M acid at 5 seconds the rate of reaction was 0.0100gs-1. My results show that the rate of reaction increases as the concentration increases. The higher the concentration the faster the mass loss in grams. My graph shows this because it took 28 seconds for 0.10g to be lost when using hydrochloric acid of concentration 0.8M. It took 16.5 seconds for 0.10g to be lost when using hydrochloric acid of concentration 1.0 M. It took 9.5 seconds for 0.10g to be lost when using hydrochloric acid of concentration 1.2M. It took 6.5 seconds for 0.10g to be lost when using hydrochloric acid of concentration 1.4M. It took 2.5 seconds for 0.10g to be lost when using hydrochloric acid of concentration 1.6M. This clearly shows that the higher the concentration the faster the rate of reaction. I have used the graphs drawn to work out the average rate of reaction of each concentration. I have worked this out using the following formula: Average rate of = total mass loss Reaction time I have taken the time as the time it took each reaction to reach the total mass loss. The average rate of reaction of 0.8M acid was 0.0017gs-1 The average rate for 1.0M acid was 0.0021gs-1, The average rate for 1.2M acid was 0.0024gs-1, The average rate for 1.4M acid was 0.0026gs-1 The average rate for 1.6M acid was 0.0030 gs-1. The graphs that I have drawn are curves and clearly show that the rate of reaction is faster at the start of the reaction than at the end. The change in the gradient of the curve shows this. I have worked out the rate of reaction at 5 seconds for the 0.8M acid and found the rate to be 0.0054gs-1. The rate of reaction at 80 seconds for the 0.8M acid was 0.0007gs-1. This shows the decrease in rate as the reaction proceeds. This is because when a reaction first begins there is a high concentration of reactant particles. There are more collisions between the particles and so the rate of reaction is greatest at the beginning of a reaction. As there are more collisions there will be more collisions with energy equal to or greater than the activation energy so the rate of reaction will be faster at the beginning of a reaction. However as a reaction continues the concentration of reactant particles decreases as they have already reacted. This causes the rate of reaction to decrease. This is because there will be less collisions so there will be fewer collisions with an energy greater than or equal to the activation energy causing the rate of reaction to decrease and eventually be 0 when the reaction stops. The reaction will finish when either of the reactants have run out. This pattern is shown on the graphs below. The rate of reaction increases as concentration increases because a higher concentration contains more particles in a given volume. This is shown in the diagram below. This is due to the fact that there are more reactant particles in solution and therefore collisions will be more frequent. This means that there is more chance of collisions with energy greater than or equal to the activation energy. Collisions are only effective if they have energy equal to or greater than the activation energy. The activation energy is the minimum amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur. This is because in order for particles to react they must collide with enough energy and in the correct orientation for bonds to be broken. This is because for a chemical reaction to take place, some bonds in the reactants must be broken. The equation for this reaction is: Magnesium + Hydrochloric Magnesium + Hydrogen + Energy Acid Chloride Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2 (g) + energy My conclusion agrees with my prediction because I predicted that as the concentration is increased the rate of reaction also increased so the waste gas, hydrogen will be given off faster at a high concentration than at a low concentration. This is what my results proved to be correct meaning that my prediction was correct. Evaluation I used the same conditions for each individual experiment. I used the same volume of hydrochloric acid in each experiment. I also kept the mass of magnesium the same and used the same sized beaker in each experiment. I carried out each experiment 3 times in order to gain more reliable results. However I do not think that my results were that accurate. This is because I used magnesium powder, which meant that the surface area was not constant. Although the mass was the same I did not check that the surface area was exactly the same as this would have been extremely difficult to do. Another problem was keeping the temperature constant. The solution was not heated however the temperature of the room would not have been constant. This is because he experiment was carried out over a number of different days meaning that the temperature would not be exactly the same. Another variation in the temperature was caused by the fact that the reaction is exothermic. The magnesium was weighed out i n a boat however it was difficult to get all the magnesium out of the boat and into the beaker of hydrochloric acid. This would have caused a slight variation in mass of magnesium in each experiment, which would have affected the rate of reaction. Also the balance used only recorded the change in mass loss to 2 decimal places. This caused the value on the balance to fluctuate greatly, which made it difficult to record the mass loss. I do not think that my results are that accurate because even allowing for experimental error when I repeated the results some of the readings were not the same. This is shown on my graphs as I have some points on my graphs that do not quite fit which shows that not all my readings were accurate. I think that this is mainly due to the fact that the balance was only to 2 decimal places as it meant that the same reading appeared many times before the value rose. Also I rounded the averages to 2 decimal places because the readings I took were only to 2 decimal places. This has caused some of the reactions to have the same total mass loss, however this is not accurate as if the results were all to 3 decimal places the total mass loss would alter slightly. Recording the results to 3 decimal places would have improved the shape of my graphs and there would be fewer points that did not fit. Although the results of each experiment are not exactly the same none were sufficiently different to be considered anomalous. Had there been any anomalous results I would have left them out of the average to try and maintain the accuracy of the results. The experiments for each of the different concentrations did not have the same total mass loss however I have carried out a calculation as shown below which shows that the mass of hydrogen should be the same in each experiment. Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2 (g) Number of Moles of Mg = mass Mr = 0.1 24 = 0.00417 moles Mg:H2 1:1 0.00417:0.00417 Number of moles of H2 = 0.00417 moles Mass of H2 = number of moles x Ar = 0.00417 x 2 = 0.00834g This shows that during the reaction 0.00834g of hydrogen should be formed. To ensure that this mass is constant for all the concentrations used I have done another calculation as shown below. Mg:HCl 1:2 0.00417:0.00834 This tells me that if there are at least 0.00834 moles of hydrochloric acid then 0.0041g of hydrogen will be formed. Number of moles of 0.8M HCl = Concentration x volume 1000 = 0.8 x 15 1000 = 0.012moles This calculation shows that when using the lowest concentration of HCl (0.8M) there are a sufficient number of moles in order for 0.00834g of hydrogen to be formed. This indicates that for each concentration the total mass loss should be 0.00834g. However the lowest total mass loss recorded was 0.16g which is much too large. This shows inaccuracies in the method. I think that there was a greater mass loss than expected because during the reaction there would have been spray causing some of the solution to be lost. This would have caused a greater mass loss and would also explain why each concentration did not have the same total mass loss. When using the 1.6M acid the reaction was more vigorous than that of the 0.8M acid. Therefore more acid would have been lost due to spray with the 1.6M acid causing a greater total mass loss. If I were to repeat this investigation I would not use the same equipment, as there were many inaccuracies. To try and stop the variation of surface area magnesium ribbon could be used. However this would mean than more magnesium would be needed in order for a reaction to take place because magnesium ribbon has a smaller surface area than magnesium powder. Also to stop the variation in temperature a water bath could be used. This would allow me to carry out the experiment at a set temperature. I would also use a balance that records the change in mass to 3 decimal places. I think that this is necessary because the change in mass was not that large due to the fact that the gas given off was hydrogen. Hydrogen is very light causing the mass loss to be small. Using a balance to 3 decimal places would record the loss in mass more accurately. I could also have hooked the balance up to a computer causing the results to be recorded electronically. This would make the results much more accurate. I used a measuring cylinder to measure the 15ml of hydrochloric acid, this was because there was not a 15ml pipette available. However using a pipette and pipette filler would have been a more accurate way of measuring the acid. I think that I have sufficient evidence so support my conclusions however the results could be made more accurate by using a larger range of concentrations or recording the change in mass at a greater number of intervals. This would make the line of best fit more accurate. I could also try to take more readings at the start of the reaction, as this is when the rate of reaction is fastest. This would also make the graph easier to plot. I could also repeat each experiment a greater number of times in order to make my results more reliable. I could extend the experiment by changing the product collected. This could be done by using marble chips instead of magnesium causing carbon dioxide to be collected. This would also make the change in mass easier to record because carbon dioxide gas has a Mr value of 44 whereas hydrogen has a Mr value of 2. I could also investigate other factors that affect the rate of a reaction such as surface area and mass of magnesium, volume of acid and tempera ture to see if I get similar results.

Sunday, March 8, 2020

What Plagiarism Is and Tips on How to Elude It

What Plagiarism Is and Tips on How to Elude It Religiously Adhering To The Guidelines: How To Elude Copying In Essay So lets talk about plagiarism, the ‘killer disease that is ailing the better percentage of students’ population and making things worse, the students are not even aware of it. Universities and other educational institutions abhor plagiarism as it is not only slipping its way into students academic lives, but the students are not mindful of it. Often than not, we have received concerns and queries from people requesting that we clear some issues for them. What is plagiarism? Why is it wrong? How do I know I am copying some elses work? How can I remedy it? Luckily for you, this is our area of specialty, and we hold every answer to any question you might have. We have dissected this jargon ‘plagiarism and explain every aspect relating to it ranging from its definition and characterization to the dos and donts. Lets get dicing! Plagiarism, what does it comprise? To be able to put things into more perspective, let us begin with the definition of plagiarism. According to the Cambridge Dictionary, it defines plagiarism as the act of deliberately presenting someone elses work as your own without giving them credit. Note that the definition strongly inclines towards stating the fact that plagiarism involves ‘cheating. University writing prohibits in any account should you copy an assignment from a friend, from the internet or any other study material. It is wise to first start by reviewing what is acceptable and what is not according to the university writing standards. The first outlawed behavior is copying, buying or having someone do an assignment for you. Without saying, this is wrong and I can bet when you are presenting the task to your instructor, your heart beats faster than usual as the fear of getting caught becomes imminent. This statement is not to say that you should not ask for a friends help and opinions or google some answers on the internet, but that you should write your thoughts and not those you have copied from different sources. Moving on swiftly, a fact that is elusive to many students yet frequently practiced is self-plagiarism. Tendering in an essay, dissertation or any other work you had done and submitted for another subject in another class is an offense that can land you in trouble. The most significant attributes that a university can pride itself in is quality education where students get grades that they deserve. Plagiarism puts this objective into jeopardy as it erodes the uprightness and reliability of the universitys education system. As a student, you should endeavor to avoid plagiarism as it is not only cheating, it gives you this false impression that you are performing well when in reality you might be not. It is imperative to know by heart and follow the laid set of guidelines by the university. You might be wondering why you should heed to this advice? The number of things that can go wrong if your secret gets out in the open is frightening. Let us begin with what could go wrong when you are caught cheating before guiding you on how you can evade this menace. Many universities have a protocol on the steps to follow in disciplining a student caught cheating. At the outset, the instructor checks your work and possibly as many universities now do, the instructor passes your paper through plagiarism checker applications such as Turnitin and so on. On the realization that your article does not comprise of your original work, the instructor calls you into his/her office, interrogates you after which they either award you a zero or pass on your case to the dean of students. If the situation is too complicated for the deans office, you can be called in by the principal and who wants to be called in by the principal for not so good reasons? Ignorance is no defense, always remember this as you do your assignments. The number one excuse that most students give when caught is that they were not aware they were committing a writing offense, a clichà © that needs to stop. You must know and apply the guidelines provided by the university to avoid getting yourself in such situations. Again, get conversant with your schools rules. Do not get me wrong, I am not trying to instill fear in or frighten you but open your eyes to the reality of the matter and exactly the fate you will share like many other unfortunate students have. To help you wrap your head around this issue, below is a selection of the most popular questions we get and our professional responses. Citations Unlike high school writing, university level is more demanding of quality, good writing techniques, and evidence to support your claims. In many instances, your professor or course instructor will instruct you to use peer-reviewed journal articles or research papers. The problem comes in when you use other peoples thoughts, opinions or suggestions without referencing or giving them, credit and it culminates to plagiarism. Therefore, it is important to cite every information you outsource. The essence of citations Citing is important because it indicates that you have conducted vast research on your paper and you took your time in preparing it. Instructors and professors award grades to students according to their judgment of the amount of effort, your knowledge and proficiency in a particular topic. When you reference your work, this demonstrates to the examiner that you did put in work, and therefore, you are deserving of a good grade. When and where to insert citations Ideally, you are expected to cite sources that were useful and helped you put together your paper. However, too much citation becomes plagiarism in itself as throughout the paper you will air and express the opinions and thoughts of other people. Popular phrases and expressions commonly used do not necessitate referencing. A decent paper that meets the standard requirements has minimal citations to maintain originality. How to differentiate between popular knowledge and personal thoughts To differentiate between the two, common knowledge are truths that everybody knows and do not need to refer to countercheck the information. For example, Barack Obama was the 44th president of the United States of America is common knowledge known to everyone and it calls for no referencing. Personal thoughts are opinions specific to an individual which you get either from a book, research paper, bibliographies and so on. How to cite other peoples work There are some citing approaches available to writers, and they include APA (American Psychological Association), MLA (Modern Language Association) to mention but a few. These styles have unique characteristics features exclusive to each style with some being complex while others simple to understand. Hence, it is mandatory to first acquaint yourself with the style the paper requires. If you are not certain, make a point of seeking clarification from your professor or instructor. Thanks to technology, you can access these referencing styles off of the internet, download and print them for future use. Now you know the different types of citation formats, but how do you insert the sources into your work? There are two main ways to go about this; you can either paraphrase or quote the words, phrases or sentences you have borrowed. Paraphrasing is restructuring the borrowed material and putting it across using your own words. On the other hand, quoting is lifting the material and inserting into your paper precisely the same way without changing anything, use quotation marks. Prudence should be employed when writing short notes with the probable cause of using in future assignments to avoid plagiarizing the words as you cannot find the exact paragraph or page number you derived it from the material you read. As mentioned earlier, different referencing styles demand varied formats for citing sources, especially for lengthy quotes. For example, in APA the following form should be adhered to, indention of  ½ inch from the left margin and end the phrase with a colon. Make sure you read the instructions of the paper before beginning the writing process. Rewording is the process of restating some elses speech without changing or distorting the meaning. Nevertheless, you must cite the sentences you have paraphrased lest it will be ruled out as copying. If you are citing a long phrase, the citation will look something like this; authors last name (Beckham), the year the source was published (2016) or the page you got it from (p.11). The disclaimer here is that, despite the fact you reworded the phrase, a reference is needed to dodge copying accusations. Characteristics of good works cited page or footnotes The golden tenet is all the sources used in the in-text citations should appear in the reference page, works cited, bibliography, etc. depending on the formatting technique of the paper. Sources not used in the paper should never appear on the works cited page. Those sources will be stricken out as irrelevant. Use the proper layout to arrange the sources, i.e., begin with the authors surname, year, the name of the article then the name of the journal. Ask for assistance There is no shame in asking nor receiving help with your assignment. Ensure you do the assignment yourself before seeking help. Some people have raised concerns arguing that taking the paper to editors is also cheating. They insist on the later as the editors in an attempt to perfect your paper, will make changes to it, and in the end, little close none of your initial work will be traceable. Varied institutions have differing reservations. Various universities will allow you to consult a professional and even make changes to your paper as long as you come open about it and indicate on top of the article. Simultaneously, other institutions strongly forbid it as it stating it is foul play. Translation software should be a no-go zone for you as it is plagiarizing your work. The structure, meanings and meaning are altered. Aside from this, there is omission and distortion during the translation process from your mother tongue to English. The effectiveness of such software is still under contention. Is it alright to request assistance when I get stuck in my assignment? Asking for help with your homework is acceptable, and no one can fault for that. However, you would want to be careful with whom you ask for advice. Decease from consulting your friends most especially if they happen to be your classmates. Sharing ideas and possibly writing the papers together culminates into cheating as you will both present a similar flow of thoughts. The best and safe source of help will be your professor or subject instructor. An instructor will offer you shallow insight with reasonable cause. You can seek the help of professional writers who will guide you on basic rules to writing a good paper. Alternatively, you could use a prototype essay to compare and contrast with your paper. The use of a prototype does not imply that you will be plagiarizing but is it like a guiding torch, where you can draw ideas, the dos and donts and so on. Do not fall prey to the unmonitored and non-appraised content that has flooded the internet. Keenly choose reliable and peer-reviewed essays as your source to avoid being misled by low-quality papers. Tutoriage is an ideal site for finding credible standard articles. Customer satisfaction through quality papers is our primary objective, and we pride ourselves in our team of capable professionals and proficient writers. Our team of writers hails from internationally accredited universities, the likes of Oxford and Cambridge. We encourage division and specialization of labor where every writer skillfully writes on the topics he/she is most talented. This move guarantees that eminently quality papers for our clients. Our articles are specifically tailored to suit the needs of our clients with 100% ingenuity. Having a team of qualified writers like us at your corner will make your writing experience at the university not only pleasurable but insightful as well. Students are constantly encouraged to learn to work by themselves when doing their assignments. The reality however is, many students require additional assistance with their assignments and instructors can barely find time due to their busy schedules. An external trainer, like ourselves, might cost you a few more bucks but in the end, it is worth the while. We sharpen your reading and writing skills, an attribute you need to have in the competitive job market. In brief†¦ The university has your best interest at heart, and their insistence that you avoid plagiarism is not meant to make your life miserable. Aside from educating you to become an upright member of society, they are training you to value and appreciate the significance of being truthful and sincere. To learn to acknowledge the effort and input of other people and award them the befitting recognition they so deserve.